關於 in-house system development ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

MEA x ลงทุนแมน
MEA กับภารกิจขับเคลื่อน Smart Energy
พ.ศ. 2501 คือปีก่อตั้งของการไฟฟ้านครหลวง หรือ Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)
เท่ากับว่าในปีนี้ MEA มีอายุ 62 ปีแล้ว

ในปัจจุบันโลกกำลังถูกขับเคลื่อนด้วยเทคโนโลยี
ที่ผลักดันให้ทุกอย่างเปลี่ยนผ่านเข้าสู่ยุคดิจิทัล
ซึ่งจะส่งผลให้วิถีชีวิตของผู้คนเปลี่ยนแปลงไปจากเดิม

แล้ว MEA ในฐานะผู้ให้บริการพลังงานไฟฟ้าในเขตมหานคร
จะช่วยขับเคลื่อนการใช้พลังงานไฟฟ้าให้เข้าสู่ยุคสมัยใหม่ได้อย่างไร ?

เพราะความต้องการใช้ไฟฟ้าของผู้คนมีมากขึ้น
ดังนั้น MEA จึงต้องบริหารจัดการไฟฟ้าอย่างครอบคลุมมีประสิทธิภาพ
และพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีอย่างต่อเนื่อง เพื่อรองรับ Demand & Supply
ตอบสนองวิถีชีวิตและการใช้เทคโนโลยีในเมืองมหานคร

หนึ่งในภารกิจสำคัญในตอนนี้ของ MEA
คือการพัฒนาระบบพลังงานอัจฉริยะ (Smart Energy)
ผ่านการสร้าง “ระบบโครงข่ายไฟฟ้าอัจฉริยะ”
หรือที่เรียกว่า “Smart Metro Grid Project”

ถ้าให้อธิบายคำว่า Smart Metro Grid แบบง่าย ๆ ก็คือการเปลี่ยนโครงข่ายไฟฟ้าแบบเดิม ให้เป็นระบบดิจิทัล พร้อมมีการบริหารจัดการระบบที่ทันสมัย โดยหนึ่งเครื่องมือที่สำคัญของเรื่องนี้ คือ “Smart Meter”

Smart Meter จะมีความแตกต่างจากมิเตอร์ไฟฟ้าแบบดั้งเดิม
คือนอกจากจะทำหน้าที่แค่อ่านค่าปริมาณการใช้ไฟฟ้าแล้ว
ยังมีคุณสมบัติในการรับส่งข้อมูลได้แบบ สองทาง (Two-Way Communication)
และข้อมูลนั้นจะปรากฏและแสดงผลในทันทีแบบ Real-time
ทำให้ MEA ทราบถึงปริมาณการจ่ายไฟฟ้าไปในแต่ละที่ได้ชัดเจน
และทราบถึงปัญหาที่เกิดขึ้นได้อย่างแม่นยำและรวดเร็ว

ยกตัวอย่างเช่น หากมีเหตุไฟฟ้าขัดข้องเกิดขึ้น
ระบบ Smart Metro Grid จะทราบพื้นที่บริเวณที่เกิดปัญหาขัดข้องได้ในทันที

หมายความว่า ระบบ Smart Metro Grid
จะเป็นจุดเปลี่ยนสำคัญ ที่จะทำให้ MEA
สามารถวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล บริหารจัดการ และให้บริการได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ
ซึ่งจะทำให้การจัดการพลังงานภายในบ้านเรือน อาคารสำนักงาน มีประสิทธิภาพมากยิ่งขึ้นในอนาคต

โดยในช่วงแรกของโครงการ
MEA ตั้งเป้าติดตั้ง Smart Meter จำนวน 31,539 ชุด ในกลุ่มผู้ใช้ไฟฟ้านำร่อง
เขตพื้นที่ กรุงเทพมหานคร นนทบุรี และสมุทรปราการ
โดยที่ผู้ใช้ไฟฟ้าไม่ต้องเสียค่าใช้จ่ายในการติดตั้ง

ซึ่งคาดว่าจะเสร็จสิ้น และเริ่มทดลองใช้ได้ภายในปี พ.ศ. 2565
จากนั้นจึงจะขยายการติดตั้งให้ครอบคลุมผู้ใช้บริการในพื้นที่ทั้งหมดในอนาคต

นอกเหนือจากการจัดการไฟฟ้าในอาคารบ้านเรือนแล้ว
ระบบ Smart Metro Grid ยังเป็นพื้นฐานสำคัญในการเชื่อมโยงพลังงานสะอาด
อย่างเช่น พลังงานไฟฟ้าจากแสงอาทิตย์ ผ่านโซลาร์เซลล์ และ โซลาร์รูฟท็อป

รวมทั้งยังเชื่อมโยงไปสู่รถยนต์ไฟฟ้า EV ขับเคลื่อนด้วยพลังงานสะอาด
ในการพัฒนาสถานีชาร์จ สำหรับรองรับการใช้งานรถยนต์ไฟฟ้า
เพื่อช่วยให้โลกของเราน่าอยู่ขึ้น ทั้งลดมลพิษทางอากาศ
และไม่ปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ นับได้ว่าเป็นเทรนด์รักษ์โลก รักษ์พลังงาน
ที่จะนำไปสู่การเปลี่ยนแปลงครั้งใหญ่ ในอนาคตอันใกล้นี้..

Reference
- เว็บไซต์การไฟฟ้านครหลวง: www.mea.or.th
MEA x invest man
MEA with Smart Energy Drive mission
P.O. 2501 is the beginning of electricity from Nakhon Luang or Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)
Equal to this year MEA is 62 years old.

The world is now being driven by technology.
That pushes everything to change through the digital age.
Which will change people's lifestyle.

Then MEA as an electric energy provider in the metropolitan area.
How to drive electric energy into the modern era?

Because more people's electricity demand.
Therefore, MEA needs to manage electricity effectively.
And continuously developing technology to support Demand & Supply
Responding to lifestyle and technology in Metropolitan City

One of the important mission now of MEA
The development of smart energy system (Smart Energy)
Through the creation of ′′ Smart Electric Network ′′
Aka ′′ Smart Metro Grid Project ′′

If you simply describe Smart Metro Grid, it's a simple way to change the same electric network into a digital system with modern system management. One of the important tools of this story is ′′ Smart Meter

Smart Marteter will be different from traditional electric meter.
Well, in addition to just reading the electricity cost.
Two-Way Communication Qualifications
And that information will appear and show instantly real-time.
Make MEA know the clear amount of electricity supply
And know precisely and fastly about the problems

For example, if an electrical malfunction happens.
Smart Metro Grid system will immediately know the area of the problem.

It means Smart Metro Grid System
Will be a key turning point to make MEA
Can analyze data, manage and serve effectively.
This will make energy management in homes, office buildings more efficient in the future.

By in the first phase of the project
MEA aims to install 31,539 sets of Smart Meter in the pilot power group.
Bangkok area, Nonthaburi and Samut Prakan area.
Electric users don't cost installation

Which is expected to complete and start trial by year. 2565 baht
Installation will then be extended to cover all local service users in future.

In addition to electrical management in house buildings.
Smart Metro Grid system is also an essential foundation to connect clean energy.
For example, electricity from solar through solar and solar rooftop.

Including links to EV electric cars driven by clean energy.
In development of charging stations to support electric cars.
To help our planet live up, reduce air pollution
And no carbon dioxide emission is considered as a trend of conservation of energy.
That will lead to big changes in the near future..

Reference
- Nakhon Luang Electricity Site: www.mea.or.thTranslated

GRANDIOSO K1X

"Two revolutions integrated. Two revolutions connecting people to music... The VRDS-ATLAS and Master Sound Discrete DAC - now come to fruition in an integrated player that carries the name… Grandioso ( Grandioso (music): Grand or noble)."

An unprecedented transport mechanism that invites you to the furthest reaches of sound.

VRDS (Vibration-Free Rigid Disc-Clamping System) is Esoteric's unique CD/Super Audio CD transport technology, which has been specially designed to clamp the disc to a same-diameter turntable in order to eliminate the disc's rotational vibration, as well as any extraneous vibration emanating from the mechanism itself. It also corrects any warpage of the disc, dramatically improving the accuracy of both the optical pickup and the disc pit layer's corresponding optical axis, while also minimizing servo current. This all adds up to dramatically reduced disc read error for exceptional audio quality.

The new VRDS-ATLAS platform boasts unprecedented mechanical perfection and superlative audio quality, with heavyweight construction that is fully 127% heavier than previous iterations (6.6kg for the mechanism alone, and 13.5kg including its base). This highest rigidity and weight in the history of VRDS mechanisms has the effect of greatly reducing any and all vibration that could adversely affect audio quality. The transport's larger new side panels and bridge are all formed of SS400 steel, and its turntable is made from duralumin, which is renowned for its excellent sound quality. Also, its spindle features a newly designed thrust bearing system, for a friction-free one-point spindle support system that ensures smooth, noiseless turntable rotation.

Esoteric's impressive VRDS-ATLAS is the quietest and most elegant transport in the history of VRDS. The key to achieving this was a resolute focus on mechanical grounding technology that more effectively reduces vibration.

Adopting a wide & low-profile design for the entire mechanism helped achieve a lower center-of-gravity, and relocating the turntable motor to below the turntable from its previous position above the bridge dramatically shortened the route for grounding vibration and reducing mechanical noise. Tray hollowing has also been minimized for increased rigidity, and special stoppers made from vibration-absorbing elastomer cancel out resonance when the tray is stored.

The Grandioso K1's mighty power supply was the key to its powerful and profound three-dimensional sound. With the introduction of its new X version, this power supply has been dramatically enhanced to add further depth to its exceptional audio tone. Its built-in D/A converter features independent power transformers for left and right channels, and the K1X includes a total of four independent toroidal power supply transformers. Furthermore, technologies cultivated in the development of the Grandioso P1X/D1X have also been adopted, including a new low-feedback DC power supply regulator featuring a discrete circuit configuration which contributes to its powerful open sound. The K1X also contains a total of 76 EDLC* supercapacitors (with a total capacity of 2,050,000µF or 2.05F). This greatly increased power supply capacity provides a tremendously improved sound quality for exceptional resolution in the lower frequency ranges.

*EDLC (Electric Double-Layer Capacitor):A special type of capacitor boasting an astoundingly high capacity compared to the electrolytic capacitors used in conventional audio equipment.

The VRDS-ATLAS transport mechanism is centrally located within the chassis, where it is fixed to a 5mm-thick steel bottom plate and supported by four proprietary pinpoint feet (patent no. 4075477 and 3778108). This effectively isolates the rotational mechanism from vibration. The internal structure of the chassis features a double deck design, with the audio boards on the upper level and power supply circuits and transformers on the lower level to minimize magnetic flux leakage and vibration, while also shortening the power supply wiring.

Semi-Floating Top Panel

The enclosure's top panel utilizes a screwless semi-floating structure that further contributes to an open and expansive sound.

Master Sound Discrete DAC

Bringing out all the dynamics and energy of the original master recordings.

Master Sound Discrete DAC Bringing out all the dynamics and energy of music.

Unattainable by integrated chips, our goal was to assemble carefully selected and tested discrete components into a complete circuit that could perfectly reproduce all the dynamics and energy of music. Our top engineering teams put their pride on the line to design and produce a quality of sound that can only be found in the Master Sound Discrete DAC discrete D/A converter.

The K1X's Master Sound Discrete DAC is the most revolutionary two-channel stereo DAC circuit in Esoteric's history, and is based on the original circuit developed for the Grandioso D1X monaural D/A converter.

As an extension of the D1X's design philosophy, a luxurious volume of materials have been invested in the construction of K1X's Master Sound Discrete DAC. For example, it features 32 separate elements for each channel. Key components such as a clock driver, logic circuit, and capacitors and resistors, are kept independent for each of these 32 elements to ensure the purest output without no loss of musical energy.

The K1X's independently developed Δ∑ modulator supports 64-bit/512Fs and the latest high-end digital formats, including of 22.5MHz DSD and 768kHz PCM signals. The FPGA's* dedicated digital processing algorithm was developed exclusively for the Master Sound Discrete DAC, and has been fully optimized for outstanding playback of both DSD and PCM digital audio data.

Advanced Quality Control

With a discrete DAC, where component tolerances are directly linked to arithmetic precision, highly advanced quality control is also required for the manufacture of electronic circuit boards. Esoteric's own in-house factory boasts some of the world's leading board mounting technologies, such as soldering performed in an oxygen-free furnace, which is located in a clean room featuring the same level of cleanliness found in a hospital operating room. Technologies cultivated in the production of electronic circuit boards for audio, medical, aerospace, and defense industries support the high production quality of the Master Sound Discrete DAC.

The ESOTERIC-HCLD output buffer amplifier boasts an amazingly high-speed slew rate (response speed) of 2,000V/µs. Current transmission and speed—the most important factors for an analog output circuit—have been pushed to the limits to reproduce the reality of music with a dynamic range that is truly breathtaking.

In addition to its XLR and RCA amplifier line connections, the K1X also features the ES-LINK Analog method of current transmission. Taking full advantage of the HCLD buffer circuit's powerful current supply makes the K1X less susceptible to the detrimental effects of impedance on the signal route. It also enables a more powerful signal transmission, fully driving connected compatible devices.

A high-accuracy clock circuit is the key to achieving superlative sound quality in digital audio playback. A top-quality clock circuit is truly the heart of any high-end digital player. The K1X now features the superb Grandioso Custom VCXO II clock originally developed for the Grandioso P1X/D1X. This clock was developed with carefully considered modifications made to the earlier model's internal circuitry and components to more vividly emphasize the K1X's ultimate audio quality while further boasting remarkably low phase noise and excellent center precision (±0.5ppm).

The K1X can also be connected to the Grandioso G1 Master Clock Generator for playback, with internal circuits synchronized to a 10MHz clock that features the same high precision as an atomic clock, enabling further pursuit of high sound quality.

D/A Converter Functions for External Input, D/D Conversion, MQA Support & USB Input

In addition to its coaxial and optical inputs, the K1X also features a USB type-B port that is compatible with both 22.5MHz DSD and 768kHz/32-bit PCM asynchronous signal transmission, thus enabling it to also be used as a stand-alone D/A converter. Functions are provided for upsampling a PCM digital signal to 2/4/8/16× (max. 768kHz) and converting PCM to DSD. The K1X is also compatible with MQA-CD decode playback and full MQA decoding for playback of various digital inputs including USB.*

*MQA certification is pending as of August, 2019, and support is scheduled to be added via a software update as soon as certification is complete.

(Source: Esoteric Japan)

スタピライズ 加工 Sutapiraizu processing
ホンダ・ビートとは、


What is the HONDA beat?

Light cars that Honda Motor Co., Ltd. had produced before.
Outline

Beat (BEAT) is a light car of the 2-seater of the midship engine rear drive convertible that Honda Motor Co., Ltd. announced on May 15, 1991.

In the body model, PP1 and the engine model are E07A. It has five set velocities MT installing the monocoque opening body with a high rigidity and three super-high rotation series cylinder SOHC 4Valve 656cc engine in Zain of ..excellent.. De in a horizontal putting, and extremely short the shift stroke. It is a different diameter tire, four-wheel solid disk brake, and a luxurious chassis after the first inch of the Strat type ..independence.. suspension of four wheels of. about 14 inchesAs for the brake disk, the rear wheel that often hangs the traction is mainly made a large diameter, and, therefore, the midship design of the real thing of the NSX transfer has been taken as another size tire is used for the front wheel and the rear wheel.

There are the method's equipped with the same engine being adopted, and most being developed and having been put on the market at a simultaneous period, and that beat might be compared with NSX only as for the difference of the displacement. However, there were not both quite the concept when developing different actually and an in-house development team separate personal exchanges when developing either. It precedes and it is put on the market, and by the way, it does NSX that calls the large echo and the room mirror of the Aya debt and the beat is equipped with quite the same one as NSX.

Consideration to safety is everywhere, too and the light car is the first ..four-wheel disk brake and the SRS air backing.., and the back and forth adoption and aspect of the different diameter tire are waited for, and the discipline is kicked to the understeer the behavior at the limit.

The installed engine generates 64 PS of a light car full self-imposed restraint by suction system MTREC(Multi Throttle Responsive Engine Control) that combines three independent ream throttle with the fuel jet control map change method by 8,100 rpm though is nature suction (NA). Red Zone is 8,500 rpm and a super-high rotation type.

Car audio (option) was unique, that it was called, "Sky sound system", responded at the speed, and the volume went up. Moreover, a part of parts supplier is putting 2DIN kit on the market by installing goods outside the company at first though it was improper.

To avoid the repulsion of the Ministry of Transport at that time, midship amusement (Midship Amusement) and crown. do not introduce oneself do sportsIt is a four-wheeled vehicle that Soichiro Honda who died in August of the same year saw off at the end. It was said the trio of Heisei era ABC (..drinking.. B)(AZ-1, beat, and cappuccino) by the thing called a planned light car in the bubble age. Popularity is ..passage of nine years or more.. still high from the production stoppage in the secondhand market.
History

Founder(It is PP1 type for 1991-1998 years. )

* Sale on May 15, 1991. 3,000. monthly targets
* Special specification sale and 800 limitations of "Version F" on February 18,
1992.
* Special specification sale and 500 limitations of "Version C" on May 28, 1992.
* Special specification "Version Z" sale in December, 1993. Standard
specification making. later
* It becomes the object of the model arrangement with cappuccino as the Speshalticar market is sluggish in October, 1998 and the light car the standard changes, and it ends production.

ホンダ・ビートとは、


What is the HONDA beat?

Light cars that Honda Motor Co., Ltd. had produced before.
Outline

Beat (BEAT) is a light car of the 2-seater of the midship engine rear drive convertible that Honda Motor Co., Ltd. announced on May 15, 1991.

In the body model, PP1 and the engine model are E07A. It has five set velocities MT installing the monocoque opening body with a high rigidity and three super-high rotation series cylinder SOHC 4Valve 656cc engine in Zain of ..excellent.. De in a horizontal putting, and extremely short the shift stroke. It is a different diameter tire, four-wheel solid disk brake, and a luxurious chassis after the first inch of the Strat type ..independence.. suspension of four wheels of. about 14 inchesAs for the brake disk, the rear wheel that often hangs the traction is mainly made a large diameter, and, therefore, the midship design of the real thing of the NSX transfer has been taken as another size tire is used for the front wheel and the rear wheel.

There are the method's equipped with the same engine being adopted, and most being developed and having been put on the market at a simultaneous period, and that beat might be compared with NSX only as for the difference of the displacement. However, there were not both quite the concept when developing different actually and an in-house development team separate personal exchanges when developing either. It precedes and it is put on the market, and by the way, it does NSX that calls the large echo and the room mirror of the Aya debt and the beat is equipped with quite the same one as NSX.

Consideration to safety is everywhere, too and the light car is the first ..four-wheel disk brake and the SRS air backing.., and the back and forth adoption and aspect of the different diameter tire are waited for, and the discipline is kicked to the understeer the behavior at the limit.

The installed engine generates 64 PS of a light car full self-imposed restraint by suction system MTREC(Multi Throttle Responsive Engine Control) that combines three independent ream throttle with the fuel jet control map change method by 8,100 rpm though is nature suction (NA). Red Zone is 8,500 rpm and a super-high rotation type.

Car audio (option) was unique, that it was called, "Sky sound system", responded at the speed, and the volume went up. Moreover, a part of parts supplier is putting 2DIN kit on the market by installing goods outside the company at first though it was improper.

To avoid the repulsion of the Ministry of Transport at that time, midship amusement (Midship Amusement) and crown. do not introduce oneself do sportsIt is a four-wheeled vehicle that Soichiro Honda who died in August of the same year saw off at the end. It was said the trio of Heisei era ABC (..drinking.. B)(AZ-1, beat, and cappuccino) by the thing called a planned light car in the bubble age. Popularity is ..passage of nine years or more.. still high from the production stoppage in the secondhand market.
History

Founder(It is PP1 type for 1991-1998 years. )

* Sale on May 15, 1991. 3,000. monthly targets
* Special specification sale and 800 limitations of "Version F" on February 18,
1992.
* Special specification sale and 500 limitations of "Version C" on May 28, 1992.
* Special specification "Version Z" sale in December, 1993. Standard
specification making. later
* It becomes the object of the model arrangement with cappuccino as the Speshalticar market is sluggish in October, 1998 and the light car the standard changes, and it ends production.