【「蛋殼難民」🥚🍳中國白領青年的寒冬掙扎】
今年11月開始,提供長租服務的 #蛋殼公寓 爆出財務危機。這場政府鼓勵下的創新金融遊戲,在疏於監管及中國經濟放緩的背景下快速崩解。卡在資金鍊下方的,是數十萬房東及離鄉背井的年輕租客。
這個冬天,這些被困在蛋殼里的中國年輕人,正在面對怎樣的現實?
—
📝: 文長,慎入。
📝: 這些蛋殼青年是我越來越陌生的一個群體,跟我所熟悉的中國80、70、60後,或更資深一輩很不一樣。對於這群在中國防火牆建成、經濟騰飛後長大的一代,他們怎麼看待這個現實考驗?
📝這兩天聊了好幾個人,發現這些大學以上學歷的年輕人,很愛用「打工仔」來形容自己。最有趣大概還有他們做自嘲梗圖跟段子的能力。一個妹妹在採訪完隔天傳來幾段:
「北上广深,数百万白领,上着九九六的班,卡着一年租金贷,然后被赶到马路上。」(配上哭臉的狗狗)
「我也爱国,也会给老人让座,也会给乞丐钱,也有善良的心,为什么国家要我当蛋壳人(配上碎裂的笑臉)」
然後她問著遠方的我,「姊姊您这边有途径能了解这件事情的解决方案吗?」
—
祝福他們,也祝福在這個寒冬渴望正義的人們。
▫️報導全文:https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shehui/jt-12022020132421.html
▫️影片:https://fb.watch/29402_RB0t/
—
打著高端白領公寓品牌的「蛋殼公寓」,自11月初爆出運營危機,在全中國13個城市管理的超過41萬套房源、上萬年輕租客,正面臨著寒冬無家可歸的窘境。
▪️👩🏻🎨上海商小姐,22歲:邊被驅趕邊還貸
「這是我第一次租房,選擇蛋殼(公寓)的原因是因為朋友都住這個。」 在上海從事設計類工作的商小姐介紹著自己大學畢業後的「第一個家」,月付1980人民幣,一個裝修完整的主臥。
她看中房租便宜、性價比高,應屆畢業生、朋友互相推薦還有數百元的返現優惠,「蛋殼的業務員推薦很多種(付款)方式,本來每月租金是2150,一次性年繳可以降到2050。拿不出一整年的錢,他們推薦使用租金貸,降到1980,說這個付費形式便宜又安全。」
但今年11月,商小姐的房子被斷網,接著房東找上門,說因為沒有收到中介(蛋殼公寓)的房租,要求商小姐在12月10日前搬離。
「還沒想到要搬去哪裡的解決辦法……,目前最擔心的是微眾租金貸的問題,還有會不會影響我個人的徵信。」
簡單來說,蛋殼公寓是「二房東」,從各地的「大房東」處接收房源,統一裝修後轉手租給租客。而「微眾銀行」則是這場金融遊戲的第四個角色,提供「租金貸」服務。
「租金貸」是租客與金融機構微眾銀行簽訂的住房消費貸款合約,由微眾銀行替租客向蛋殼公寓支付全年房租,租客再向微眾銀行按月償還租房貸款。
▪️🚅🇨🇳「租金貸」陷阱——當火車不再往前跑
今年1月17日,成立不到五年的蛋殼公寓(NYSE:DNK)在紐約證券交易所掛牌上市。上市前,蛋殼公寓一方面以「高進低出」的方式,高價向房東取得房源、優惠低價租給房客,擴大規模。
另一方面,高度依賴「租金貸」為最大的現金流來源。以2019年前九個月為例,通過「租金貸」模式獲取的租金預付款,佔蛋殼公寓租金收入的80%。
在經濟大環境看好、市場規模做大的情況下,蛋殼公寓看起來是一個房東、租客、平台、網銀四方皆贏的金融創新模式。
「這個租金貸款就是一種新的金融產品,但風險高,一旦房價下跌,經濟不景氣,就會出問題。」中國獨立智庫天則經濟研究所所長盛洪告訴本台。
今年初,高速滾動的蛋殼迎頭撞上新冠疫情,中國經濟放緩、租賃市場也委靡不振。北京諸葛房地產數據公司12月2日發佈的調查發現,中國40個主要城市的平均房屋租金價格,正跌至近兩年來的最低水平。
在美國的資深財經媒體人王劍這麼形容著「租金貸」的陷阱,「有點像開火車,我只有這一截路軌,車往前跑,我就把後面的路軌拆了往前放,前提是,我車得不斷往前跑才行。只要車往前跑,我手上就有現金,我規模大了,我做點別的業務,把這件事給補回來。」
▪️🧑🏻💻詹先生,24歲: 「谁来救救打工仔?」
躺在鐵軌上的,是數十萬無路可走的房東與房客。11月上旬以來,房東驅趕租客、斷水、斷電、換鎖的案例在各大城市發生。
「中介不給你錢,你來找我的麻煩。」互聯網上的一段短片,租戶女孩向闖進房子的房東揮著刀子。
「這房子是我的啊,你的中介去了哪?你去中介那裡找房子。」房東聲嘶力竭地喊著。
「現在房東要趕我們12月6日前搬走。沒有任何救濟啊,都聯繫不上人,蛋殼客服都打爆了,微眾銀行也打爆,蛋殼管家也聯繫不上,街道辦也沒辦法,就是不知道能怎麼辦!」在深圳做零售業的詹先生也被房東下了逐客令。
24歲的他把自己的社媒頭像換成了一個黃色笑臉,P字寫上「誰來救救打工仔」,這已經是他住在蛋殼公寓的第二年。他每月租金貸2100,照合約要繳到明年五月。
微眾銀行在12月2日晚間公佈了一個應急方案,公告稱,將為16萬蛋殼租戶提供不扣錢、不記息的救助計劃,還款期延至2023年底。
「三年也是一筆賬啊,就是拖,還有我的2100押金呢?」詹先生問。
▪️🧑🏻⚕️北京貝小姐,24歲: 「求拉,有北京的救济群吗?」
中國經濟學者張林在英國《金融時報》撰文寫道,蛋殼公寓所代表的金融模式失敗,首先傷害的就是初入職場、儲蓄較低的年輕就業人口,他們正位於陷阱的中心。
網友扒出了2019年為蛋殼背書的共青團中央、黨媒黨報,《環球時報》及環球網還將2019年的「年度責任踐行獎」頒給蛋殼公寓,央視也做了大篇幅的報導。
「這麼大的事情,政府疏於監管是一個重要的因素。」 在紐約新學院(The New School)任教的中國人權律師滕彪說,過去幾年中國也發生過多場金融P2P騙局,但隨著政治局勢及監控更加緊張,受害者維權也只能自我調整,「很難再把政府作為主要的抗議對象,尤其是那些牽頭組織抗爭的人,會被維穩部門打壓,中國政府擅長的維穩邏輯就是抓人。」
一家專門監控跟分析中國網絡平台的公司研究發現,在11月蛋殼事件爆發後,中國官方首先透過社媒平台的審查,刪除那些質疑中國政府為何沒有監管法規的帖子,還特別對一則關於租戶在壓力下計劃自殺的帖子限流。
不過,11月底以來,中國官媒開始出現文章,宣傳政府正在採取行動,為人們排憂解難,還一起批鬥起資本市場。
「我的房東終於上門了,求拉,有北京的救濟群嗎?」北京的貝小姐在網路論壇上發出微弱的呼喊,與近十位跟本台分享經歷的受害租戶一樣,他們都因安全原因不願意全名受訪,或只願意接受文字採訪。
貝小姐在體檢業工作,今年九月才從另一家爆雷的長租公寓自如,搬到蛋殼公寓,一個月租金3000,已先付半年。
她說,幾個禮拜來,維權群里已漸漸冷卻,大家心照不宣的是,「只能等等官方說法吧,我們是弱勢群體啊。」她給記者的文字回復中寫道,房東給她到明年一月底的搬家期限。
▪️🧚♀️天津,小果子🌰
另一位也稱自己是「弱勢群體」、網名「仙女味的小果子」的女孩就沒那麼幸運了。她在微博分享兩張疑似在寒風中搬家的照片,寫到「哎,蛋殼就可以逍遙法外了嗎,弱勢群體沒有人保護。」
不過,「小果子」在今年五月批評武漢日記作者方方、甚至揚言要割掉方方舌頭的貼文被翻出,引來網絡一陣嘲諷。
「共青團聯手蛋殼,親手把自己用過的小紅粉活埋了」,一則留言寫到。
盛洪則表示同情,「她很可憐,她的精神也住在蛋殼里,現在蛋殼破了。」
—
Latest: In cities across China, thousands of young tenants are being evicted by their landlords, who failed to receive rents from the e-services firm/co-living platform #Danke (#蛋壳公寓 )since November.
Danke, once a rising star in China's flat rental market, operated more than 415k flats in 13 cities.
Under Danke's business model, tenants are also encouraged to take one-year loans (租金貸)from Danke's partner bank WeBank to pay their rents. Tenants then repay loans monthly.
I talked to several “Danke refugees “ (蛋殼難民) from Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.
“We’re literally homeless with a mortgage.” One said.
Here’re their stories:
▫️報導全文:https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shehui/jt-12022020132421.html
▫️影片:https://fb.watch/29402_RB0t/
同時也有101部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過83萬的網紅serpentza,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Since I can't cross the border into China on foot, I've chartered a private plane to fly me in... For a deeper dive into China's Propaganda influence...
「living in shenzhen」的推薦目錄:
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 唐家婕 - Jane Tang Facebook 的最讚貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 Mordeth13 Facebook 的精選貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 李怡 Facebook 的最佳貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最讚貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最讚貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於living in shenzhen 在 HOU LIVE - Shenzhen, Guangdong, China - Facebook 的評價
living in shenzhen 在 Mordeth13 Facebook 的精選貼文
Universal Healthcare, gorgeous parks, smooth roads, almost no crime. And.......we pay 3% tax on our income.
"One thing of quick note about incomes is that Taiwan is much more tax friendly.
While a typical entry-level kindergarten teacher in Taipei would likely make less gross income than the equivalent in Beijing/ Shanghai/ Shenzhen, if employers behave legally, the Taipei based one will take home about the same amount of cash without all of the detriments of being in China vs TW (pollution levels of China vs best in Asia, virtually nonexistent system in China vs one of the best in the world, authoritarianism vs functional democracy, etc).
Directly comparing to Ian's numbers (which seem about right in my experience), in Beijing, you'll make ~18k RMB/mo.
However, in Taiwan, foreign worker incomes are taxed 3% by year's end (18% for the first 6 months and the difference is refunded if you are in TW longer). At ¥18k RMB, you're taxed 20% on ¥13k (¥5k tax exempt)
Per month averages over a full year:
Taipei- ~14.25k * 0.97 = 13.8k
Beijing- 5k + 13k * 0.8 = 15.4k.
What will even more clearly paint the picture of $$$ differences will be costs of living. On all of the income-cost elements, Taipei and Beijing are decently comparable to rest of the cities in their countries (Taipei is highly comparable to CN's "Tier 1" cities)"
living in shenzhen 在 李怡 Facebook 的最佳貼文
A salute to Mr Yuen Kung Yi (Lee Yee)
The Hong Kong version of national security law not being found on the agenda of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress does not connote backpedalling, but just a brief lull for the international community to come to terms with it and Hong Kong people to assimilate its impact. The introduction of the law will be right back on track at the right moment after that.
相關新聞:Paradoxical theory of Hong Kong organising U.S. riots (Lee Yee)
In the international community, except for North Korea and several other nations, all civilized countries condemned the law. China has been besieged and isolated since. Although, by whistling past the graveyard, the HKSAR government claimed that the impact of stern sanctions allegedly to be imposed by the US is limited, China and Hong Kong will be buckling with merely a ban on using SWIFT for international money transfer. No wonder Yang Jie-chi inquired for US Secretary of State Affairs Mike Pompeo in Hawaii on behalf of Xi Jin-ping in no time. The intention of China to mitigate the enmities of Hong Kong and the world towards the national security law is just plain as a pikestaff.
In Hong Kong, in the very beginning, the announcement of enacting the law did make a commotion in the mass, yet later on, quite some lawyers, politicians and democrats started to succumb to it. Being oblivious to the fact that the Basic Law shall deny Beijing the legislative power over Hong Kong, they have been dickering whether the law should be effectuated in accordance with Hong Kong’s legal procedure by the law enforcement institutions in Hong Kong and the defendants tried by the courts in the city. By doing so, they have no objection to the law anymore in effect, but a rather humble request for a smidgen of rickety protection for Hong Kong people, and the legal professionals so that they can still wrest a living from lawsuits, which is indeed chipping away at the rights of Hong Kong people.
相關新聞:American violence v.s. Hong Kong violence (Lee Yee)
Meanwhile, China is working hard. Deng Zhong-hua, an unknow Deputy Director of Hong Kong and Macau Office, said in Shenzhen: The SAR has the major responsibility for conserving national security, and the law enforcement and jurisdiction should be accomplished by the SAR. But he indicated that the central government shall preserve its jurisdiction over some “extremely serious cases” under particular conditions. He did not elaborate what “extremely serious cases” are, but just said that the cases are “scarce”.
We are already familiar with the abovementioned situation. In the early 80s, a commotion and general feeling of insecurity in the mass was also created in the very beginning when China was believed to recover Hong Kong’s sovereignty. Before long, Hong Kong people had succumbed to “one country, two systems” and “Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong” by concocting a course of self-comforting medicine called “democracy ruling Hong Kong” for the democrats and those who were unwilling or unqualified to emigrate. Having taken the drug for decades, has “democracy ruling Hong Kong’ been realized yet?
With the iron law upheld by most countries that vested interest comes first, the authoritarian rests assured: no plans are unsuccessful by baiting traps. Believe it or not.
Seeing the legal professionals tend to succumb to the introduction of the law after initiating the objections by themselves, the Hong Kong people who are still clear-headed are more than despondent. About a month ago, an elderly KOL named Yuen Kung-yi popped up. Despite having been living in the US, Beijing and Shanghai for decades, where he has gained ample experience in establishing relationships with politicians and businessmen, he has carried off most endorsements from Hong Kong netizens by scoring 6-digit views for each video clip he posted. With persistence in the Hong Kong values and unique perspectives and deliberations concerning Hong Kong, he is sincere and pragmatic, neither flinching nor self-seeking. He has even flied to Washington, D.C. to lobby the US politicians in the past few days with the belief that actions speak way louder than words. Amid the low morale among Hong Kong people, his remarks are pretty inspiring and heartening.
In his early speech, he objected to Hong Kong’s politicians and legal professionals pulling back, deeming that a discouragement to US’s sanctions. Yesterday, his daughter Erica Yuen, former TV artiste, wrote on her Facebook page that her father “is smeared out of context with fake old news and conspiracy after having just a few words of criticism of a local politician, but he “is being occupied with serious business in Washington, D.C., so will not have time and effort on tattle and prate.
“Tattle and prate” is, however, bitterly disappointing. Hong Kong has been descending for more than 20 years, not only because of the intervention of the CCP, but also the mentality of dragging out an ignoble life advocated by some politicians and KOLs. Whenever an incisive viewpoint is found, they are busy witch hunting. No wonder the CCP has Hong Kong by the short hairs.
I admire Mr. Yuen Kung-yi for his coming forward as a businessman to speak up in the darkest hour, not to mention the enormous number of views online that has suggested his viewpoints represent mainstream public opinions. One of his most significant remarks is: The last laugh lies on Hong Kong people’s resolve.
www.facebook.com/mrleeyee
living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最讚貼文
Since I can't cross the border into China on foot, I've chartered a private plane to fly me in...
For a deeper dive into China's Propaganda influence and soft power, watch our liveshow ADVPodcasts: https://www.youtube.com/advpodcasts
DOCUMENTARY LINKS:
Conquering Southern China:
https://vimeo.com/ondemand/conqueringsouthernchina
Conquering Northern China:
https://vimeo.com/ondemand/conqueringnorthernchina
Stay Awesome China (my new documentary): https://vimeo.com/ondemand/stayawesomechina
For Motorcycle adventures around the world, and a talk-show on two wheels go to ADVChina every Monday 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/advchina
For a realistic perspective on China and world travel from an American father and a Chinese mother with two half-Chinese daughters go to Laowhy86 every Wednesday 1pm EST
https://youtu.be/mErixa-YIJE
For a no-nonsense on the street look at Chinese culture and beyond from China's original YouTuber, join SerpentZA on Friday at 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/serpentza
Support Sasha and I on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/serpentza
Join me on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/winstoninchina
Twitter: @serpentza
Instagram: serpent_za
living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最讚貼文
Seriously, let's talk about the things that drew me to China in the first place, 5 things I love / loved about Mainland China...
For a deeper dive into China's Propaganda influence and soft power, watch our liveshow ADVPodcasts: https://www.youtube.com/advpodcasts
DOCUMENTARY LINKS:
Conquering Southern China:
https://vimeo.com/ondemand/conqueringsouthernchina
Conquering Northern China:
https://vimeo.com/ondemand/conqueringnorthernchina
Stay Awesome China (my new documentary): https://vimeo.com/ondemand/stayawesomechina
For Motorcycle adventures around the world, and a talk-show on two wheels go to ADVChina every Monday 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/advchina
Is China's "Progress" worth it?:
https://youtu.be/veJVcRVWPAI
For a realistic perspective on China and world travel from an American father and a Chinese mother with two half-Chinese daughters go to Laowhy86 every Wednesday 1pm EST
https://youtu.be/mErixa-YIJE
Inner Mongolia is hidden!:
https://youtu.be/Fuk0KuUPBsc
For a no-nonsense on the street look at Chinese culture and beyond from China's original YouTuber, join SerpentZA on Friday at 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/serpentza
Why is China so afraid of Taiwan?
https://youtu.be/-WPkkbq0U4Y
Support Sasha and I on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/serpentza
Join me on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/winstoninchina
Twitter: @serpentza
Instagram: serpent_za
living in shenzhen 在 serpentza Youtube 的最佳貼文
It's a happy coincidence but I'll tell you how it happened!
It came as a surprise, but when I moved to Shenzhen (across the border from Hong Kong) and started my China vlog, I would turn out to be the first China YouTuber!
"PSP Traveller" My original channel: https://youtu.be/qVuMxZRzFDM
Stay Awesome China (my new documentary): https://vimeo.com/ondemand/stayawesomechina
Discount code: STAYAWESOME
For Motorcycle adventures around the world, and a talk-show on two wheels go to ADVChina every Monday 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/advchina
Does Taiwan belong to China?
https://youtu.be/vZIVs6kUjbg
For a realistic perspective on China and world travel from an American father and a Chinese mother with two half-Chinese daughters go to Laowhy86 every Wednesday 1pm EST
https://youtu.be/mErixa-YIJE
Will China overtake the USA?:
https://youtu.be/NXl7grEjbHo
For a no-nonsense on the street look at Chinese culture and beyond from China’s original YouTuber, join SerpentZA on Friday at 1pm EST
https://www.youtube.com/serpentza
China's MASSIVE discrimination issue:
https://youtu.be/isMlRhCOAn8
Support Sasha and I on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/serpentza
Join me on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/winstoninchina
Twitter: @serpentza
Instagram: serpent_za
living in shenzhen 在 HOU LIVE - Shenzhen, Guangdong, China - Facebook 的推薦與評價
HOU LIVE, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. 12 likes · 1 talking about this · 233 were here. Live Music Venue. ... <看更多>