GIẢI ĐỀ IELTS WRITING CAM 10 TEST 1 - TASK 1 & 2
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✍️ Bài mẫu Writing Task 1:
The pie charts compare the percentages of energy consumed for various purposes and how much greenhouse gas is emitted by an average Australian family.
Overall, heating accounts for the highest energy consumption, yet the largest proportion of CO2 emitted belongs to water-heating.
42% of energy consumed in an Australian family is used for heating, which is the highest figure on the chart, followed by that of water-heating, at approximately 30%. In contrast, the figure for other appliances makes up merely 15% and the rest, including refrigeration, cooling and lighting, occupy trivial proportions, under 7% each.
In terms of greenhouse gas released, water-heating and other appliances are the major causes, with about 32% and 28% respectively. In comparison, the data of heating and refrigeration are lower, standing at about 15% each. Both cooling and lighting are responsible for the production of one-tenth of total gas emissions.
✍️ Bài mẫu Writing Task 2:
It is sometimes argued that punishments should be imposed on children so that they could differentiate between right and wrong in the early years of their lives. While I accept that punishments can sometimes have positive effects on children and therefore should be applied, I believe that parents and teachers should choose proper ways to punish their children.
Punishments could change awareness of children. Once they have wrong-doings such as disobeying or telling a lie, instant punishments are vital for them to realize their mistakes and eliminate bad behaviors. Parents could give their children warnings or light physical punishments if they are too stubborn. For instance, when I skipped classes at primary school, my mother asked me to walk to school rather than take a bus and do chores for a week. This not only helps me realize truancy is improper but also increases my self-discipline.
However, parents and teachers should choose appropriate ways to teach good behaviours to children. Harsh corporal punishments should not be used because they affect negatively children’s psychology, such as mental disorders and deep depressions, and pose a threat to their physical health. Instead, parents can opt for educational punishments such as doing housework, setting limit to recreational time, or reducing allowance to avoid money wasting for useless activities. Teachers, similarly, should not reinforce corporal punishment or humiliation but alternatively require them to write their wrongs to educate them about classroom’s disciplines or submit more homework.
In conclusion, it seems to me that punishment is of significance to educate children how to distinguish right from wrong, which punishments are applied should be carefully chosen.
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⛔ LUYỆN READING NÀO ⛔
THE IMPORTANCE OF CHILDREN'S PLAY
Brick by brick, six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom. Imagining fairy-tale turrets and fire-breathing dragons, wicked witches and gallant heroes, she's creating an enchanting world. Although she isn't aware of it, this fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity and so it will have important repercussions in her adult life.
Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his 'teacher', she's practising how to regulate her emotions through pretence. Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, she's learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner.
'Play in all its rich variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species,' says Dr David Whitebread from the Faculty of Education at the University of Cambridge, UK. 'It underpins how we develop as intellectual, problem-solving adults and is crucial to our success as a highly adaptable species.'
Recognising the importance of play is not new: over two millennia ago, the Greek philosopher Plato extolled its virtues as a means of developing skills for adult life, and ideas about play-based learning have been developing since the 19th century.
But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointing out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. 'The opportunities for free play, which I experienced almost every day of my childhood, are becoming increasingly scarce,' he says. Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions of risk to do with traffic, as well as parents' increased wish to protect their children from being the victims of crime, and by the emphasis on 'earlier is better' which is leading to greater competition in academic learning and schools.
International bodies like the United Nations and the European Union have begun to develop policies concerned with children's right to play, and to consider implications for leisure facilities and educational programmes. But what they often lack is the evidence to base policies on.
'The type of play we are interested in is child-initiated, spontaneous and unpredictable- but, as soon as you ask a five-year-old "to play", then you as the researcher have intervened,' explains Dr Sara Baker. 'And we want to know what the long-term impact of play is. It's a real challenge.'
Dr Jenny Gibson agrees, pointing out that although some of the steps in the puzzle of how and why play is important have been looked at, there is very little data on the impact it has on the child's later life.
Now, thanks to the university's new Centre for Research on Play in Education, Development and Learning (PEDAL), Whitebread, Baker, Gibson and a team of researchers hope to provide evidence on the role played by play in how a child develops.
'A strong possibility is that play supports the early development of children's self-control,' explains Baker. 'This is our ability to develop awareness of our own thinking processes - it influences how effectively we go about undertaking challenging activities.'
In a study carried out by Baker with toddlers and young pre-schoolers, she found that children with greater self-control solved problems more quickly when exploring an unfamiliar set-up requiring scientific reasoning. 'This sort of evidence makes us think that giving children the chance to play will make them more successful problem-solvers in the long run.'
If playful experiences do facilitate this aspect of development, say the researchers, it could be extremely significant for educational practices, because the ability to self-regulate has been shown to be a key predictor of academic performance.
Gibson adds: 'Playful behaviour is also an important indicator of healthy social and emotional development. In my previous research, I investigated how observing children at play can�give us important clues about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.'
Whitebread's recent research has involved developing a play-based approach to supporting children's writing. 'Many primary school children find writing difficult, but we showed in a previous study that a playful stimulus was far more effective than an instructional one.' Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story. In the latest study, children first created their story with Lego*, with similar results. 'Many teachers commented that they had always previously had children saying they didn't know what to write about. With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this through the whole year of the project.'
Whitebread, who directs PEDAL, trained as a primary school teacher in the early 1970s, when, as he describes, 'the teaching of young children was largely a quiet backwater, untroubled by any serious intellectual debate or controversy.' Now, the landscape is very different, with hotly debated topics such as school starting age.
'Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It's regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with "work". Let's not lose sight of its benefits, and the fundamental contributions it makes to human achievements in the arts, sciences and technology. Let's make sure children have a rich diet of play experiences.'
⛔ CÂU HỎI:
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. Children with good self-control are known to be likely to do well at school later on.
2. The way a child plays may provide information about possible medical problems.
3. Playing with dolls was found to benefit girls’ writing more than boys’ writing.
4. Children had problems thinking up ideas when they first created the story with Lego.
5. People nowadays regard children’s play as less significant than they did in the past.
(Trích Cam 14)
⛔ HIGHLIGHT TỪ VỰNG
Possibility (n): Khả năng
Self-control (n): Tự kiểm soát
Toddler (n): Trẻ mới biết đi
Pre-schooler (n): Trẻ nhỏ tuổi
Unfamiliar (adj): Không quen thuộc
Facilitate (v): Tạo điều kiện cho
Diagnosis (n): Chẩn đoán
Autism (n): Tự kỷ
Approach (n): Phương pháp
Stimulus (n): Sự kích thích
Serious (adj): Nghiêm túc
Debate (v): Tranh luận
Trivial (adj): Tầm thường
Fundamental (adj): Cơ bản
Contribution (n): Sự đóng góp
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