「9.13事件」50周年感言
50年前的今天,神州大地恍似遭到一顆「精神氫彈」轟炸:中國共產黨黨章規定的「毛澤東同志的親密戰友和接班人」、中共中央唯一的副主席、國務院副總理兼國防部長林彪元帥在與毛澤東鬥争失敗後,和老婆葉群(中央政治局委员)、兒子林立果(空軍作戰部副部長)及其部下數人乘三叉戟「256」號專機連夜由山海關機塲倉惶出逃,結果在蒙古國的温都爾汗「折㦸沉沙」墜機身亡!
當年這一消息傳出,8億中國人的感受猶如「五雷轟頂」,那種震撼無與倫比,簡直「難以置信」,頓時「目瞪口呆」!
50年前「9.13事件」發生之時,本人正值上山下鄉的知青歲月,當時是「9.13事件」之後一個多月透過三批中央文件傳達才陸續了解事件大致輪廓。其中令我及所有人最為震撼的莫過於《五七一工程紀要》,這份經典文獻可謂當代中國思想解放的第一聲春雷,粉碎了當時根深蒂固的國人對毛澤東的個人迷信:文中痛斥毛「他不是一個真正的馬列主義者,而是一個行孔孟之道借馬列主義之皮、執秦始皇之法的中國歷史上最大的封建暴君」,指毛「歷史地走向反面」,「成了當代秦始皇」;揭露「他們的社會主義實質是社會法西斯主義」、「社會封建主義」;「把黨內和國家政治生活變成封建專制獨裁式家長制生活」;直言「農民生活缺吃少穿」;「青年知識分子上山下鄉,等於變相勞改」;等等。五十年過去,還真沒有哪一份文獻比得上《五七一工程紀要》在一個時代振聾發聵的轟動效應!從那一刻開始,毛澤東就從神壇上被轟了下來,所謂「毛主席的話,句句是真理,一句頂一萬句」的神話被吹捧者林彪本人現身說法徹底破除!而隨後「批林」運動說林彪「一貫反對毛主席,反對毛澤東思想,反對毛主席革命路線」卻是與「9.13事件」之前長期宣傳林彪是「三忠於」、「四無限」的「光輝榜様」來了個180度大轉變,更是令我們深刻的感受到在當權者心目中,什麼歷史、什麼事實都成了任他們搓圓搓偏的一團麵粉而巳!由此醒悟:我們沒有理由再用統治者的思想代替自己的思想繼續做他們的「馴服工具」!
正是「9.13事件」令自己猛然覺醒,對那種社會環境由希望到失望再到絕望,下决心偷渡香港投奔自由,终於在1973年9月經歷6天6夜荒山野嶺的風餐露宿,經過9個小時與驚濤駭浪的摶鬥,九死一生來到香港,實現人生的轉折。可以毫不誇張地説,正是「9.13事件」的啟蒙,掃走了身上鸚鵡學舌的「奴性」,回復了自己獨立思考的人性!
今天,回首前塵往事,審視50年前的「9.13事件」,説穿了,林彪的悲劇,無非是中國現行政治體制中,國家的最高權力傳承交替缺乏制度性、程序性的民主、法治安排而依賴所謂「選擇接班人」的人治作業造成的先天性弊端所造成!林彪事件過去50年了,但釀成林彪悲劇的政治體制依然「改革尚未成功,同志仍需努力」!
公道地講句,1969年春,林彪主張「九大之後主要任務是發展生產力」何錯之有?後來中共十一屆三中全會不是確立了「經濟建設為中心」的改革開放政策嗎?
公道地講句,1970年中共九屆二中全會上,林彪主張「設國家主席」,這本身是原來「五四憲法」和後來「八二憲法」的憲制規定,林彪的倡議正是法治精神的體現,何錯之有?如何又成了所謂「反革命的政治綱領」?
破除「兩個凡是」的迷思,以「實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標凖」言之,毛林之爭,在某些層面上,似乎林彪更接近歷史正確的一面!
在「9.13事件」50周年之際,好友余汝信所著《風暴歷程》和黃春光、黃正所著《黄永勝北京當總長1287日》兩本新書出版,史料翔實,史論客觀,順便在此向對「9.13事件」有興趣的讀者推薦。
同時也有6部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過6萬的網紅高松傑高Sir正能量,也在其Youtube影片中提到,【律師爆料】馬道立黄官戴啟思裡應外合!以司法奪行政權力?母子藏武被捕?I高Sir正能量24092020 YT技術限流和自動退粉,離封台不遠,請幫忙高Sir正能量?訂閱?分享影片救亡:https://www.youtube.com/jackyko1109kosir?sub_confirmation...
香港政治制度改革事件 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
【#Patreon國際關係進階】六四事件發生之前幾年,中國處於歷來最開放的一段時期,民間言論自由遠勝現在,各種思想交鋒激盪,可謂1949年以來的第一次文藝復興。作者認為,假如六四事件不是如此定性、如此誇張的悲劇收場,根據本來軌跡,改革力量已經逐步主導政局,保守派元老早晚離去,中國的未來就全然不同。而在2019年的香港,假如繼續真正的選舉,哪怕制度本身已經非常偏袒建制派,但60%以上民意不支持建制派這事實非常清晰,而且新一代的傾向更一邊倒,時間同樣不在保守力量那邊。
六四事件的學生未能「妥協」,固然是悲劇收場的原因之一,但能夠令局面和平解決的關鍵從來是政權一方,而不在學生。作者引述消息人士資訊,最初在學運立場偏向中立的政治局常委、人大委員長喬石,曾對「大學校長群組」保證和平解決,讓學生和平離場;就算學生絕食,也會送他們到醫院,總之不會死人。不少經歷過文革的老軍頭,最初也都呼籲和平解決,反對鎮壓學生。但這類溫和方案最終沒有落實,因為......
⏺全文見Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/posts/55863881
▶️支聯會副主席鄒幸彤:就算坐監,我也繼續到維園悼念六四
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAKOcrhV5FU
香港政治制度改革事件 在 黃浩銘 Raphael Wong Facebook 的最讚貼文
毋忘五大訴求 公民抗命有理
—10‧20九龍遊行陳情書
(案件編號:DCCC 535/2020)
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「毋忘初衷,活在愛和真實之中」
撐阿銘,即訂閱Patreon:
patreon.com/raphaelwong
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胡法官雅文閣下:
2012年,我第一次站在法庭上承認違反「公安惡法」,述說對普選的盼望,批評公安惡法不義,並因公民抗命的緣故,甘心樂意接受刑罰。當年我說,如果小圈子選舉沒有被廢除,惡法沒有消失,我依然會一如故我,公民抗命,並且我相信將會有更多學生和市民加入這個行列。想不到時至今日,普選仍然遙遙無期,我亦再次被帶到法庭接受審判,但只是短短7年,已經有數十萬計的群眾公民抗命,反對暴政。今日,我承認違反「未經批准的政府」所訂立「未經批准的惡法」之下的「未經批准集結」罪,我不打算尋求法庭的憐憫,但請容許我佔用法庭些微時間陳情,讓法庭在判刑前有全面考慮。
暴力之濫觴
在整個反修例運動如火如荼之際,我正承擔另一宗公民抗命案件的刑責。雖然身在獄中,但仍然心繫手足。我在獄中電視機前見證6月9日、6月16日及8月18日三次百萬港人大遊行,幾多熱愛和平的港人冒天雨冒彈雨走上街頭,抗議不義惡法,今日關於10月20日的案件,亦是如此。可能有人會問,政府已在6月暫緩修例,更在9月正式撤回修例,我等仍然繼續示威,豈非無理取鬧?我相信法官閣下肯定聽過「遲來的正義並非正義」(Justice delayed is justice denied)這句格言。當過百萬群眾走上街頭,和平表達不滿的時候,林鄭政府沒有理睬,反而獨行獨斷,粗暴踐踏港人的意願,結果製造出後來連綿不絕的爭拗,甚至你死我活的對抗。經歷眾多衝突痛苦之後,所謂暫緩撤回,已經微不足道,我們只是更加清楚:沒有民主,就連基本人權都不會擁有!
在本案之中,雖然我們都沒有鼓動或作出暴力行為,但根據早前8‧18及10‧1兩宗案件,相信在控方及法庭眼中,案發當日的暴力事件仍然可以算在我們頭上,如此,我有必要問:如果香港有一個公平正義的普及選舉,人民可以在立法會直接否決他們不認可的法律,試問2019年的暴力衝突可以從何而來呢?如果我們眼見的暴力是如此十惡不赦,那麼我們又如何看待百萬人遊行後仍然堅持推行惡法的制度暴力呢?如果我們不能接受人民暴力反抗,那麼我們是否更加不能對更巨大更壓逼的制度暴力沈默不言?真正且經常發生的暴力,是漠視人民訴求的暴力,是踐踏人民意見的暴力,是剝奪人民表達權利的暴力。真正憎恨暴力,痛恨暴力的人,不可能一方面指摘暴力反抗,又容忍制度暴力。如果我需要承擔和平遊行引發出來的暴力事件的刑責,那麼誰應該承擔施政失敗所引發出來的社會騷亂的罪責呢?
社會之病根
對於法庭而言,可能2019年所發生的事情只是一場社會騷亂,務必追究違法者個人責任。然而,治亂治其本源,醫病醫其病根,我雖然公民抗命,刻意違法,控方把我帶上法庭,但我卻不應被理解為一個「犯罪個體」。2019年所發生的事情,並不是我一個人或我們這幾位被告可以促成,社會問題的癥結不是「犯罪份子」本身,而是「犯罪原因」。我明白「治亂世用重典」的道理,但如果「殺雞儆猴」是解決方法,就不會在2016年發生旺角騷亂及2017年上訴庭對示威者施以重刑後,2019年仍然會爆發出更大規模的暴力反抗。
如果不希望社會動亂,就必須正本清源,逐步落實「五大訴求」,從根本上改革,挽回民心。2019年反修例運動,其實只是2014年雨傘運動的延續而已,縱使法庭可能認為兩個運動皆是「一股歪風」所引起,但我必須澄清,兩個運動的核心就是追求民主普選,人民當家作主。在2019年11月24日區議會選舉這個最類近全民普選的選舉中,接近300萬人投票,民主派大勝,奪得17個區議會主導權,這就是整個反修例運動的民意,民意就是反對政府決策,反對制度暴力,反對推行惡法,不容爭辯,不辯自明。我們作為礦場裡的金絲雀,多次提醒政府撤回修法,並從根本上改革制度,而在10月20日的九龍遊行當然是反映民意的平台契機。如今,法庭對我們施加重刑,其實只不過是懲罰民意,將金絲雀困在鳥籠之內,甚至扼殺於鼓掌之中,窒礙表達自由。
堅持之重要
大運動過後的大鎮壓,使我們失去《蘋果日報》,失去教協,失去民陣,不少民主派領袖以及曾為運動付出的手足戰友都囚於獄中,不少曾經熱情投入運動的朋友亦因《國安法》的威脅轉為低調,新聞自由示威自由日漸萎縮,公民社會受到沈重打擊,我亦失去不少摯友,有感傷孤獨的時候,但我仍然相信,2019年香港人的信念,以及所展現人類的光輝持久未變。我不會忘記百萬人民冒雨捱熱抗拒暴政,抵制惡法,展現我們眾志成城;我不會忘記人潮紅海,讓道救護車,展現我們文明精神;我不會忘記年青志士直接行動反對苛政,捨身成仁,展現我們膽色勇氣;我不會忘記銀髮一族走上街頭保護年青人,展現我們彼此關懷;我不會忘記「五大訴求」,不會忘記2019年區議會選舉,展現我們有理有節。
法官閣下,我對於當日的所作所為,不感羞恥,毫無悔意。我能夠在出獄後與群眾同行一路,與戰友同繫一獄,實是莫大榮幸。若法治失去民主基石,將使法庭無奈地接受專制政權所訂立解釋的法律限制,隨時變成政治工具掃除異見,因此爭取民主普選,建設真正法治,追求公平正義,仍然是我的理想。在這條路上,如有必要,我仍然會公民抗命,正如終審法院海外非常任法官賀輔明(Lord Hoffmann)所言,發自良知的公民抗命有悠久及光榮的傳統,歷史將證明我們是正確的。我期望,曾與我一起遊行抗命的手足戰友要堅持信念,在艱難歲月裡毋忘初衷,活在愛和真實之中。
最後,如9年前一樣,我想借用美國民權領袖馬丁路德金牧師的一番話對我們的反對者說:「我們將以自己忍受苦難的能力,來較量你們製造苦難的能力。我們將用我們靈魂的力量,來抵禦你們物質的暴力。對我們做你們想做的事吧,我們仍然愛你們。我們不能憑良心服從你們不公正的法律,因為拒惡與為善一樣是道德責任。將我們送入監獄吧,我們仍然愛你們。」(We shall match your capacity to inflict suffering by our capacity to endure suffering. We shall meet your physical force with soul force. Do to us what you will, and we shall continue to love you. We cannot in all good conscience obey your unjust laws because noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good. Throw us in jail and we shall still love you.)
願慈愛的主耶穌賜我們平安,與我和我一家同在,與法官閣下同在,與香港人同在。沒有暴徒,只有暴政;五大訴求,缺一不可!願榮耀歸上帝,榮光歸人民!
第五被告
黃浩銘
二零二一年八月十九日
Lest we forget the five demands: civil disobedience is morally justified
- Statement on 10‧20 Kowloon Rally
(Case No.: DCCC 535/2020)
Your Honour Judge Woodcock
In 2012, I stood before the court and admitted to violating the "Public Security Evil Law". I expressed my hope for universal suffrage, criticized the evil law as unjust, and willingly accepted the penalty for civil disobedience. Back then, I said that if the small-circle election had not been abolished and the draconian law had not disappeared, I would still be as determined as I was, and I believe that more students and citizens would join this movement. Today, universal suffrage is still a long way off, and I have been brought before the court again for trial. But in just seven years, hundreds of thousands of people have already risen up in civil disobedience against tyranny. Today, I plead guilty to "unauthorised assembly" under an unapproved evil law enacted by an unauthorised government. I do not intend to seek the court's mercy, but please allow me to take up a little time in court to present my case so that the court can consider all aspects before sentencing me.
The roots of violence
At the time when the whole anti-extradition law movement was in full-swing, I was taking responsibility for another civil disobedience case. Although I was in prison, my heart was still with the people. I witnessed the three million-person rallies on 9 June, 16 June and 18 August on television in prison, when many peace-loving people took to the streets despite the rain and bullets, to protest against unjust laws. Some people may ask, "The Government has already suspended the legislative amendments in June and formally withdrew the bill in September, but we are still demonstrating, are we not being unreasonable?" I am sure your Honour has heard of the adage "Justice delayed is justice denied". When more than a million people took to the streets to express their discontent peacefully, the Lam administration ignored them and instead acted arbitrarily, brutally trampling on the wishes of the people of Hong Kong, resulting in endless arguments and even confrontations. After so many conflicts and painful experiences, the so-called moratorium is no longer meaningful. We only know better: without democracy, we cannot even have basic human rights!
In this case, although we did not instigate or commit acts of violence, I believe that in the eyes of the prosecution and the court, the violence on the day of the incident can still be counted against us, based on the August 18 and October 1 case. And now I must ask - If Hong Kong had a fair and just universal election, and the public could directly veto laws they did not approve of at the Legislative Council, then how could the violent clashes of 2019 have come about? If the violence we see is so heinous, how do we feel about the institutional violence that insists on the imposition of draconian laws even after millions of people have taken to the streets? If we cannot accept violent rebellion, how can we remain silent in the face of even greater and more oppressive institutional violence? The true and frequent violence is the kind of violence that ignores people's demands, that tramples on their opinions, that deprives them of their right to express themselves. People who truly hate violence and abhor it cannot accuse violent resistance on the one hand and tolerate institutional violence on the other. If I have to bear the criminal responsibility for the violence caused by the peaceful demonstration, then who should bear the criminal responsibility for the social unrest caused by failed administration?
The roots of society's problems
From a court's point of view, it may be that what happened in 2019 was just a series of social unrest, and that those who broke the law must be held personally accountable. What happened in 2019 was not something that I alone or the defendants could have made possible, and the crux of the social problem was not the 'criminals' but the 'causes of crime'. I understand the concept of " applying severe punishment to a troubled world", but if "decimation" was really the solution, there would not have been more violent rebellions in 2019 after the Mongkok "riot" in 2016 and the heavy sentences handed down to protesters by the Court of Appeal in 2017.
If we do not want social unrest, we must get to the root of the problem and implement the "five demands" step by step, so as to achieve fundamental reforms and win back the hearts of the people. 2019's anti-revision movement is indeed a continuation of 2014's Umbrella Movement, and even though the court may think that both movements are caused by a "perverse wind", I must clarify that the core of both movements is the pursuit of democracy and universal suffrage, and the people being the masters of their own house. In the District Council election on 24 November 2019, which is the closest thing to universal suffrage, nearly 3 million people voted, and the democratic camp won a huge victory, winning majority in 17 District Councils. As canaries in the monetary coal mine, we have repeatedly reminded the government to withdraw the extradition bill and fundamentally reform the system, and the march in Kowloon on 20 October was certainly an opportunity to reflect public opinion. Now, by imposing heavy penalties on us, the court is only punishing public opinion, trapping the canaries in a birdcage, or even stifling them in the palm of their hands, suffocating the freedom of expression.
The importance of persistence
As a result of the crackdown after the mass movement, we lost Apple Daily, the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union, and the Civil Human Rights Front. Many of our democratic leaders and comrades who had contributed to the movement were imprisoned, and many of our friends who had been passionately involved in the movement had been forced to lay low under the threat of the National Security Law. I still believe that the faith of Hong Kong people and the glory of humanity seen in 2019 will remain unchanged. I will never forget the millions of people who braved the rain and the heat to resist tyranny and evil laws, demonstrating our unity of purpose; I will never forget the crowds of people who gave way to ambulances, demonstrating our civility; I will never forget the young people who sacrificed their lives, demonstrating our courage and bravery; I will never forget the silver-haired who took to the streets to protect the youth, demonstrating our care for each other; I will never forget the "five demands" and the 2019 District Council election, demonstrating our rationality and decency.
Your Honour, I have nothing to be ashamed of and no remorse for what I did on that day. It is my great honour to be in prison with my comrades and to be able to walk with the public after my release. If the rule of law were to lose its democratic foundation, the courts would have no choice but to accept the legal restrictions set by the autocratic regime and become a political tool to eliminate dissent at any time. As Lord Hoffmann, a non-permanent overseas judge of the Court of Final Appeal, said, civil disobedience from the conscience has a long and honourable tradition, and history will prove us right. I hope that my comrades in arms who walked with me in protests will keep their faith and live in love and truth in the midst of this difficult time.
Finally, as I did nine years ago, I would like to say something to those who oppose us, borrowing the words of American civil rights leader Reverend Martin Luther King: "We shall match your capacity to inflict suffering by our capacity to endure suffering. We shall meet your physical force with soul force. Do to us what you will, and we shall continue to love you. We cannot in all good conscience obey your unjust laws because noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good. Throw us in jail and we shall still love you."
Peace be with me and my family, with Your Honour, and with the people of Hong Kong. There are no thugs, only tyranny; five demands, not one less! To god be the glory and to people be the glory!
The Fifth Defendant
Wong Ho Ming
19 August 2021
香港政治制度改革事件 在 高松傑高Sir正能量 Youtube 的最佳貼文
【律師爆料】馬道立黄官戴啟思裡應外合!以司法奪行政權力?母子藏武被捕?I高Sir正能量24092020
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2. 母子賣武被捕?如何有效管制?
3.整頓司法制度大聯署 【何君堯,李梓敬,一眾KOL推動】
舊年反修例暴動至今,多宗黑暴案件被判無罪或輕判,變相鼓勵犯罪!一眾KOL推動聯署,要求政府整頓司法制度,重建公平正義!
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香港政治制度改革事件 在 范琪斐 Youtube 的最讚貼文
中國足球名將郝海東6月4號發表「新中國聯邦宣言」,表示中國的極權統治已發展為徹底的反人類暴行。他說中共「血洗香港、殺害藏民、輸出腐敗、危害全球」,甚至說「中共用新冠狀病毒對全世界發動生化襲擊戰,嚴重威脅人類健康與生存」。他說要消滅中共,還要按照西方民主法治來制憲產生新政府。到底這位郝海東是誰?為什麼要這麼做?中國是不是有民主改革派?我們今天來討論一下。
郝海東在中國是有「郝大炮」之稱,這次在郭文貴的youtube直播頻道宣佈要「消滅中共」,建立新中國,讓人跌破眼鏡。網路上還出現了一段長達50多分鐘,他跟妻子葉釗穎共同出鏡宣佈支持成立「新中國」的影片。
當年和郝海東一起在中國體育界奮鬥過的隊友對他的這種做法褒貶不一。有人說他病、瘋了,但也有許多如今生活在海外的隊友表示對他的做法表示欽佩,認為他是在中國的體制下目睹以及親身經歷到各種不公平待遇,後來又到英國發展有關。應該是在國外生活期間,學到站在第三方視角思考審視中國體育界和中國社會的問題。
不過中國每年送到國外唸書的人有六七十萬,每個人都跟郝海東一樣,中共不早就被推翻了。只能說從郝海東的說法,跟他在中國足球界的經歷真的大有關係。他說中國足球是中國社會的一個縮影。足球踢不好,不是運動員和教練的問題,而是體制內官員問題。他在6月4號的直播透露了很多中國體育界的黑暗面。從中國足壇、體育制度的不滿,到中國時政他都批評。還記得我們前幾集介紹方方日記。他5月初在微博轉載了一篇有關在文革期間被迫害致死的北大才女林昭的文章,當時也被解讀是支持方方。
除了他之外,網上最近還流傳一段被認為是前中共中央黨校教授蔡霞的發言,她在裡面稱中共已是「政治僵屍」,談到修憲、經濟,甚至多次劍指習近平,稱他就是一個「黑幫老大」,挽救危局的當務之急是「換人」。有媒體報導蔡霞應該已在美國定居。
蔡霞在批評中共的時候, 還提到了兩個有趣的名字。一個是中國政協主席汪洋,一個是中國總理李克強。蔡霞說他們在各自的位置上很努力地在減少損失,緩和局面。汪洋被西方媒體視為改革開放派的代表。李克強最近則是因為提到了地攤經濟,還有中國人均年收入雖然是3萬元人民幣,但有6億人每個月的收入僅1000塊人民幣,大概台幣4200塊。這就等於間節打臉的習近平的脫貧計畫。也讓習李兩人之間是否有內鬥更讓人猜疑。
經過香港局勢的動盪,越來越多的台灣人體認到,中國對台灣的壓力進逼。這時候更了解中國政治就變得很重要。中國發生的事不是鐵板一塊,也不是你閉起眼睛或關上耳朵就沒有影響。我希望大家都可以去查一查我們今天講到的這些人物跟事件,他們也許就是未來影響中國還有這個區域,包括台灣的重要關鍵。你覺得面對全球的挑戰,中國會越來越極權還是轉而開放?歡迎在底下留言分享你的看法。
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香港政治制度改革事件 在 tonylamfood Youtube 的最佳貼文
[影後感] 逆權司機 影評 | 逆權系列舊電影重温2019 | 光州事件就在眼前? | 廣東話影評
逆權司機2017年的電影。係真人真事改編事而成,背景係光州事件公諸於世的過程:司機送記者去光州進行拍攝,遇到好多衝擊,司機可以話上咗一個政治啟蒙課,又政治冷感到憑良知,決心要協助記者將真相公佈於世界。電影帶出專制或極權一直處理間題的方式,也帶出真相和良知對對抗極權的重要性。
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伸延閱讀:
「反送中」勾起韓國人光州事件回憶:希望香港也能迎來春天
https://www.thenewslens.com/article/120830
Twitter Removes Thousands Of Accounts For Manipulating Their Platform
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/20/762799187/twitter-removes-thousands-of-accounts-for-manipulating-their-platform
Taeksi woonjunsa (2017)
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6878038/?ref_=ttmi_tt
[劇透] 內地最高級別的禁片- 逆權司機|韓國民主化運動-光州事件|沒有超級英雄的英雄電影|藍絲變勇武|粵語中字
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQVBqy5DAew&t=117s
#逆權司機 #舊電影 #廣東話 #光州事件 #影評 #電影
