【保健知多D】益生菌 vs 濕疹?
首先說到濕疹,總是讓人產生一種既無助又無奈的無力感。
唔……暫時姑且撇開中醫不說,在西醫上,難聽一點,濕疹暫時可以說是一種「不治之症」。這就是說,只能醫治,不能根治。
不過人就是這樣,總是不會放過任何一絲希望。
既然如此,人們便可能會嘗試用自己方法治療濕疹當買一個希望。
其中一種希望便是……
益生菌(Probiotics)。
顧名思義,益生菌是「益菌」。
當然既然有益菌,自然有害菌。
對,益菌的其中一個功能主要是跟腸道裡的害菌「搶地盤」,便可能會減少害菌的數量,從而可能會有助預防一些因為細菌感染而誘發的腹瀉,例如旅行者腹瀉(Traveler's Diarrhea, TD)(俗稱「水土不服」)。
在相當程度上,這是一個「以夷制夷」的策略。
看到這裡,各位看倌可能會感到奇怪:
「咦?藥罐子,你自己不是說了嗎?益生菌不是促進腸道健康嗎?這到底跟濕疹又有什麼關係呢?」
對,誠如看倌所言,就算是朋友,說到底,益生菌算是異物,所以便可能是致敏原,反而可能會誘發濕疹,治病不成反致病,不是嗎?
那益生菌跟濕疹到底又有什麼關係?
唔……一般相信益生菌可能會透過抑制Th2細胞(Th2 Cells)(一種輔助型T細胞(Helper T Cells))、增加調節型T細胞(Regulatory T Cells, Treg Cells)所協調的免疫反應,調節人體的過敏反應[1],調理人體的免疫系統,改善過敏體質,從而可能會紓緩濕疹的症狀。
至於說到濕疹,常用的益生菌一般主要有以下兩種:
一、鼠李糖乳桿菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)
有研究指出這種益生菌可能會減少兒童罹患濕疹的機會。[2]
二、胚芽乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)
有研究指出這種益生菌可能會減輕濕疹的症狀。[3]
不過所謂「三歲定八十」,細菌定植(Bacterial Colonization)的時間原來是非常重要的關鍵,愈早贏在起跑線,愈容易「調教」人體的免疫系統。[4]
所以益生菌一般較適用於預防嬰兒、兒童的濕疹。
在副作用上,既然稱為益菌,只會有益無害。對吧?
不過跟人一樣,益菌同樣需要「吃貨」為生,在消化的過程裡,便可能會產生氣體,從而可能會誘發胃氣、腹脹。
(如欲了解更多用藥資訊,歡迎看看「小小藥罐子」網誌。)
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Reference:
1. Rather IA, Bajpai VK, Kumar S, Lim J, Paek WK, Park Y-H. Probiotics and Atopic Dermatitis: An Overview. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:507.
2. Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, et al. A differential effect of 2 probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(4):788-94.
3. Han Y, Kim B, Ban J, et al. A randomized trial of Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP133 for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012;23(7):667-673.
4. Akelma AZ, Biten AA. Probiotics and infantile atopic eczema. Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2015;6:147-151.
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diarrhea treatment 在 國立臺灣大學 National Taiwan University Facebook 的最佳解答
【本校防疫措施更新–因應附設醫院工務室同仁染疫及全國提升為三級警戒】(#0519更新)
Updated Preventive Measures in Response to New Infections Among Staff at the Engineering Affairs Office of the NTU Hospital and the Upgraded Alert Level 3 Nationwide (#May19)
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全校教職員工生大家好:
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因應本校附設醫院工務室有多名同仁確診感染新冠肺炎及全國提升為三級警戒,提醒所有教職員工生應停止室內5人以上,室外10人以上之聚會,同時自 5/20 起至 5/28 止,請各單位配合下列防疫措施:
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1. 醫學院碩博士班所有實驗課程,非緊急必要者均先暫停;醫學院教職員工除必要外(例如:發放薪資作業等),其餘全部採居家辦公(含收發室)。
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2. 醫學校區各館舍,比照夜間門禁方式憑證刷卡進入,不對外開放。醫學院餐廳及福利社等部門暫停營業,所有施工中的工程均暫停。
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3. 全校教職員工生請儘量不要進入醫學校區(含基醫大樓、基因體大樓、水森館、護理系館、人文館等)和本校附設醫院。
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4. 暫停醫學校區與校總區、本校附設醫院間的公務交流。校區各大樓間亦應盡量減少人員的交流。
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5. 在公衛大樓中辦公的醫學院教職員工生,請儘量固定活動地點,減少與他人接觸,不要前往公衛大樓中的其他樓層。
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6. 往來校總區與醫學校區間的交通車將繼續停駛。
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本校將依據疫情發展隨時調整因應措施,也提醒全校教職員工生要減少人與人間的接觸,出門應全程配戴口罩、勤洗手,隨時注意是否出現發燒、呼吸道症狀、腹瀉、嗅味覺異常等疑似症狀。如出現疑似症狀,應確實配戴醫用口罩,儘速至附近社區採檢醫院就醫,且不得搭乘大眾交通運輸工具;就醫時,應主動告知接觸史、旅遊史、職業暴露及身邊是否出現其他人有類似症狀;返家後亦應佩戴醫用口罩,避免外出。
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國立臺灣大學防疫小組 敬上
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Dear NTU students and colleagues,
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In response to the new infections among staff at the Engineering Affairs Office of the NTU Hospital and the upgraded Alert Level 3 nationwide, the University is reminding you all to suspend events of over 5 people indoors and 10 people outdoors. Also, starting May 20 until 28, please comply with the following preventive measures.
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1. All non-urgent laboratory work at the master’s and doctoral programs of the College of Medicine will be suspended. Except for those processing necessary work (e.g. payroll affairs), all faculty and staff of the College of Medicine should work from home (including mail room).
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2. As per night curfew entry control, swipe-in access should be implemented at all premises of the College of Medicine. Outside visitors will be denied access. Restaurants and commissaries will suspend operation and current construction work will be put on hold as well.
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3. All faculty, staff, and students are advised to refrain from entering the College of Medicine (including Basic Medical Science Building, Center of Genomic Medicine, School of Pharmacy, School of Nursing, and Museum of Medical Humanities) and NTU Hospital.
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4. Official exchanges between the College of Medicine, NTU Main Campus and NTU Hospital should all be suspended. Exchanges between staff at different premises should also be minimized.
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5. College of Medicine faculty, staff, and students working at the College of Public Health should stick to the same locations to carry out daily routines and decrease contacts with others. Do not go to other floors of the College of Public Health.
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6. The now suspended shuttle bus service between the Main Campus and the College of Medicine will continue.
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As the COVID-19 is still wreaking havoc, the University will make necessary and prompt adjustments to existing measures according to the development of the latest pandemic situation. Please be reminded to wear a mask at all times when you go out, wash hands frequently, and keep appropriate social distancing. Be on alert for suspected symptoms: fever, respiratory complications, diarrhea, and abnormality of smell and taste. If they appear, please wear a medical mask, immediately seek medical attention at a nearby hospital for COVID-19 testing, and refrain from using any public transportation. When in the hospital for treatment, please voluntarily tell the physician your contact and travel history, potential occupational exposure to the virus, as well as people around you with similar symptoms. When you return home, please also wear a medical mask and avoid going out if not necessary.
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Sincerely yours,
NTU Epidemic Prevention Team
diarrhea treatment 在 國立臺灣大學 National Taiwan University Facebook 的最讚貼文
【本校防疫訊息 #5月14日緊急更新:因應染疫個案持續擴增,#本校5月17日起啟動全面遠距教學等防疫措施】(#5月15日更新)
NTU COVID-19 Prevention Message ( #0514Urgent) — Preventive Measures and Remote Learning for All Classes Starting May 17 in Response to Increasing Number of Cases
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全校教職員工生大家好:
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因台北市及新北市已有多起染疫個案,且持續增加中,疫情已接近警戒標準的第三階段(橘燈),即日起本校實施以下防疫措施,請各單位配合:
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1. 5月15日起各類會議活動,包括行政單位、各學院及學系活動(如 #小型畢業典禮)如無法改為線上進行,請研議取消辦理或延後辦理。
2. #體育館暫停開放;#5月15日起圖書館亦暫停開放自習室及閱覽室,僅提供借還書籍。
3. 5月15日起本校實施校園門禁,只開放 #大門、 #辛亥及長興入口。管制期間本校、臺科大、臺師大教職員工生及中研院等駐本校區人員、校友及退休人員憑證入校,洽公者需出示身分及相關證明文件(如開會通知、邀請函、電郵、訪客證、工作證或其他證明等文件,得採紙本或影像檔方式。),#無證明文件者由受訪單位派員至進出口確認身分後始得進入。各校內館舍亦請持續落實人員值班、量測體溫、以及實名制登錄(詳見:https://www.facebook.com/iloventu/posts/1739363589575926 )。
4. 5月15日起請同學們非必要情形儘量不要進入校園並減少外出,一同遵守防疫規定,以降低染疫風險。一般社團活動停辦或改為線上辦理。活動中心關閉社團活動場地(僅允許同學至社團辦公室拿取私人物品)。心輔中心於防疫期間仍提供預約初談及個別諮商,有相關疑問可電話或電郵洽詢。
5. 5月15日起本校餐廳鼓勵外帶餐點。 如不得已而內用餐點,需採一人一桌、或於桌面上放置格板隔離。
6. 週六(5月15日)上午總務處事務組將進行校園公共區域擴大消毒作業。
7. #5月17日起本校所有課程改為遠距教學。所有校屬教學館舍禁止學生進入,僅允許教師、職員和助教等進出以錄製線上課程。實驗室請教師安排使用時段,每一時段最多4人同時使用。(詳見:https://www.facebook.com/iloventu/posts/1739368969575388)
8. 5月17日起本校各單位可依業務內容屬性調整辦公方式, 安排採居家辦公、異地辦公、或分批辦公方式辦公,並應向人事室提供名冊。
9. 疫情嚴峻,各項因應措施將依中央宣布而隨時調整,敬請全校教職員工生務必配合各項防疫措施。
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同時再次提醒大家,目前疫情嚴峻出門應全程配戴口罩、勤洗手、與他人保持社交距離,並自我注意是否出現發燒、呼吸道症狀、腹瀉、嗅味覺異常等疑似症狀。如出現疑似症狀,應確實配戴醫用口罩,儘速至附近社區採檢醫院就醫,且不得搭乘大眾交通運輸工具;就醫時,應主動告知接觸史、旅遊史、職業暴露及身邊是否出現其他人有類似症狀;返家後亦應佩戴醫用口罩,避免外出。
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國立臺灣大學防疫小組 敬上
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Dear NTU students and colleagues,
With the increasing number of infections in Taipei City and New Taipei City, the pandemic situation is now approaching Alert Level 3 (orange light). In response to this urgency, the University is asking all departments and offices to comply with the following preventive measures.
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1. Starting May 15, events organized by administrative offices or by colleges and departments (e.g. small-scale commencements) shall be canceled or postponed to a later date if they cannot be held online.
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2. The Sports Center will be temporarily closed. Starting May 15, the NTU Main Library will close its study rooms and reading rooms; circulation services will still be available.
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3. Starting May 15, access to the University will be limited to the Main Gate, Xinhai Gate, and Changxing Gate. NTU, NTNU, or NTUST faculty, staff and students, on-campus Academia Sinica staff, NTU alumni, and retired personnel should present a relevant ID card to enter the University. Visitors for official purposes should also present an ID card and relevant paperwork (e.g. a meeting notification, invitation, email, visitor/work pass, or others in paper or electronically). Those without any proof documents should be chaperoned by staff of the receiving departments/offices to enter. University premises must continue to be staffed for temperature taking at the entrance and real-name system should also be implemented. ( https://www.facebook.com/iloventu/posts/1739363589575926 )
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4. Starting May 15, students should refrain from entering the University unless absolutely necessary and they should also decrease the number of going out. Preventive measures must be fully observed to minimize the risk of infection. Student club events will be suspended or go online and event venues at the Activity Center will be closed (students are allowed to pick up personal belongings from club offices). The Student Counseling Center will continue to provide intake and counseling services and inquiry for relevant resources will still be available via telephone or email.
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5. Starting May 15, campus restaurants/cafeterias will encourage diners to buy take-outs. Those dining indoors should be seated alone at a table or share one installed with a protective board.
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6. On the morning of this Saturday (May 15), the General Service Division of the Office of General Affairs will begin a large-scale disinfection at the University’s public spaces.
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7. Starting May 15, all classes will be taught remotely. Students will be denied access to university-owned teaching halls. Faculty, staff, and teaching assistants may be allowed in to record online courses. Faculty members in charge of laboratories should schedule their usage, with each session being simultaneously used by up to four people.( https://www.facebook.com/iloventu/posts/1739368969575388 )
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8. Starting May 17, all departments and administrative offices groups considering staff’s areas of responsibilities should plan how to work from home, work in different locations, or rotate staff in smaller groups. A list to this purpose should be provided to the Personnel Department.
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9. Preventive measures will constantly be adjusted in accordance with the CECC’s latest announcements. The University is asking for your compliance with the preventive measures.
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As the COVID-19 is still wreaking havoc, please be reminded to wear a mask at all times when you go out, wash hands frequently, and keep appropriate social distancing. Be on alert for suspected symptoms: fever, respiratory complications, diarrhea, and abnormality of smell and taste. If they appear, please wear a medical mask, immediately seek medical attention at a nearby hospital for COVID-19 testing, and refrain from using any public transportation. When in the hospital for treatment, please voluntarily tell the physician your contact and travel history, potential occupational exposure to the virus, as well as people around you with similar symptoms. When you return home, please also wear a medical mask and avoid going out if not necessary.
Sincerely yours,
NTU Epidemic Prevention Team
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