Vitamin D seems to help fight off viruses, especially COVID-19.
SUNLIGHT:A number of factors can play a role in vitamin D deficiencies in older adults. Because they spend the majority of their time indoors, older adults get minimal exposure to natural sunlight.
1.In aging adults, vitamin D deficiency is strongly linked to muscle weakness, which can manifest in different ways. In general, seniors tend to feel a heaviness in their legs and have difficulty standing up and climbing stairs.
2.Vitamin D is also necessary for aiding and regulating calcium absorption and keeps bones, muscles and teeth in excellent condition. The combination of weakened muscles and bones caused by low vitamin D levels has been associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures, which can be very dangerous and even fatal for the elderly.
3.Vitamin D is believed to help regulate immune function and the release of neurotransmitters in the brain that influence moods
4.Studies have shown that low vitamin D levels may be associated with mental health disorders like seasonal affective disorder (SAD), schizophrenia and depression. Seniors who feel depressed and tired all the time may actually suffer from vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency.
5.In addition, low vitamin D levels may contribute to cognitive decline and a person’s risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia.
6.Weight Gain
Vitamin D appears to play an important role in regulating appetite and body weight as well. Research has shown that lower levels of vitamin D are associated with obesity, whereas increased vitamin D levels have been associated with reductions in body fat.
7.It’s believed that vitamin D controls the levels of leptin in the body—another hormone that inhibits hunger and reduces fat storage.
8.When a senior is deficient in vitamin D, these signals to the brain get disrupted and the body doesn’t know when to stop eating. This can make people overeat and gain weight.
9.Fatigue
Many older adults who are tired all the time may not realize that they could have a nutritional deficiency, so they ignore their symptoms. Low vitamin D levels may also cause widespread pain in areas like the shoulders, pelvis, ribcage and lower back, which can leave a senior feeling drained. Someone who has stiff joints and is constantly feeling fatigued might want to boost their vitamin D intake (especially if they do not go outside much or do not eat many fortified foods).
10.Digestive Issues
Studies have shown that low vitamin D levels may contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition characterized by chronic inflammation in the digestive tract. IBD is split into two main types: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. To make matters worse, bowel diseases can interfere with the way the intestines absorb dietary fat. Since vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, GI conditions can cause nutritional deficiencies to worsen even further. #COVID19 #vitaminD #sunlight #oldage
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ulcerative colitis treatment 在 Dr 文科生 Facebook 的精選貼文
今時今日,走一趟藥房,不難發現市面上充滿著林林總總的保健產品,當中說明的功效從補腦、補骨、補關節、補眼、補肝、補心臟⋯⋯幾乎所有說得出來的人體器官,都總有一款相對應的產品。
那麼,這些產品究竟有沒有醫學實證?哪些有,哪些沒有?
今日想跟大家分析一項近來很受歡迎的產品——薑黃 /薑黃素(Turmeric / Curcumin)。
相信在藥房或超市,大家很常見到薑黃素以「調節免疫系統 / 減低身體炎症」作為賣點。那麼,這些宣稱的功效真的有醫學實證支持嗎?
讓我們一起來Literature Review一下:
其實薑黃 /薑黃素在過去的十幾年一直是膳食補充劑類的研究對象。在早期的動物研究中,研究人員發現薑黃 / 薑黃素在特定的劑量下對實驗老鼠有減低炎症的作用(prevention of inflammatory process via modulation or inhibition of cyclooxygenase, TNF alpha, Interleukin etc) [1][2]
然而,在動物實驗中具有消炎效果,是否就代表在人類身上亦會有臨床治療炎症的效果呢?事實上,很多動物實驗跟臨床研究都可能會有落差,所以如果要判斷,我們必須去細心調查臨床研究的結果。
目前較多的臨床研究是薑黃 / 薑黃素的消炎及免疫調節效用。
在炎症性腸炎方面(Inflammatory bowel disease),例如克隆氏症(Crohn’s Disease)和潰瘍性結腸炎(Ulcerative Colitis)有少量臨床研究發現薑黃素可減低系統性發炎的程度、徵狀及復發機會。[3]
在其他一些系統性發炎或自體免疫系統疾病方法,例如紅斑狼瘡性腎炎(Lupus Nephritis)、虹膜炎(Uveitis),小量的臨床研究同樣發現薑黃素可減低發炎的程度、徵狀、復發機會及併發症。[3]
另外,最近有研究發現,當薑黃素混合胡椒鹼(piperine)時,可令薑黃素的生物利用度(bioavailability)增加至20倍,有助解決薑黄素擁有相對較低生物利用度的問題。[4]
不過我們必須明白,雖然這些早期的臨床研究結果非常具鼓舞性,但我們需要更多的大型國際臨床研究,以進一步調查薑黃 /薑黃素在不同的症病下的實際原理,為未來臨床治病應用立下基礎。
所以,如果大家想選購保健產品,記得像文科生一樣,先去做Literature Review,並選擇合適自己的產品才去試用;如試用前或試用後有不適或憂慮;或如閣下正長期服用抗凝血藥物或其他處方藥物,請先諮詢主診醫生/家庭醫生或藥劑師意見。
最後,緊記無論是哪一款的膳食補充品,都不能代替健康的生活方式,大家還是要多做運動、均衡飲食和作息定時,才能活出健康的人生啊。
祝願大家2020可以過身體健康的一年。
#增強免疫力 #薑黃素 #保健品分析 #身體健康
Reference
[1] Huang, M. T., Lysz, T., Ferraro, T., Abidi, T. F., Laskin, J. D., & Conney, A. H. (1991, February 1). Inhibitory effects of curcumin on in vitro lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities in mouse epidermis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1899046/
[2] Rahmani, A. H., Alsahli, M. A., Aly, S. M., Khan, M. A., & Aldebasi, Y. H. (2018, February 28). Role of Curcumin in Disease Prevention and Treatment. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852989/#ref23
[3] Gupta, S. C., Patchva, S., & Aggarwal, B. B. (2013, January). Therapeutic roles of curcumin: lessons learned from clinical trials. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535097/
[4] Hewlings, S. J., & Kalman, D. S. (2017, October 22). Curcumin: A Review of Its' Effects on Human Health. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664031/
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(一)食物補充益生菌可行嗎? 00:06
(二)益生菌是什麼? 00:42
(三)益生菌有什麼功用? 01:23
(四)醫生如何選擇適合病人的益生菌? 01:54
(本短片作健康教育之用,並不可取代任何醫療診斷或治療。治療成效因人而異,如有疑問,請向專業醫療人士諮詢。)
參考資料:
1. Lisko, D. J., Johnston, G. P., & Johnston, C. G. (2017). Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome. Microorganisms, 5(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms5010006
2. Kechagia, M., Basoulis, D., Konstantopoulou, S., Dimitriadi, D., Gyftopoulou, K., Skarmoutsou, N., & Fakiri, E. M. (2013). Health benefits of probiotics: a review. ISRN nutrition, 2013, 481651. https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/481651
3. Hill, D., Sugrue, I., Tobin, C., Hill, C., Stanton, C., & Ross, R. P. (2018). The Lactobacillus casei Group: History and Health Related Applications. Frontiers in microbiology, 9, 2107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02107
4. Akatsu H., Iwabuchi N., Xiao J., Matsuyama Z., Kurihara R., Okuda K., et al. (2013). Clinical effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on immune function and intestinal microbiota in elderly patients receiving enteral tube feeding. J. Parenter Enteral Nutr. 37 631–640. 10.1177/0148607112467819
5. Yang, G., Liu, Z. Q., & Yang, P. C. (2013). Treatment of allergic rhinitis with probiotics: an alternative approach. North American journal of medical sciences, 5(8), 465–468. https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.117299
6. Uronis, J. M., Arthur, J. C., Keku, T., Fodor, A., Carroll, I. M., Cruz, M. L., Appleyard, C. B., & Jobin, C. (2011). Gut microbial diversity is reduced by the probiotic VSL#3 and correlates with decreased TNBS-induced colitis. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 17(1), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ibd.21366
7. Fedorak R. N. (2010). Probiotics in the management of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 6(11), 688–690.
8. Dale, H. F., Rasmussen, S. H., Asiller, Ö. Ö., & Lied, G. A. (2019). Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review. Nutrients, 11(9), 2048. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092048
9. Mimura, T., Rizzello, F., Helwig, U., Poggioli, G., Schreiber, S., Talbot, I. C., Nicholls, R. J., Gionchetti, P., Campieri, M., & Kamm, M. A. (2004). Once daily high dose probiotic therapy (VSL#3) for maintaining remission in recurrent or refractory pouchitis. Gut, 53(1), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.53.1.108
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ulcerative colitis treatment 在 Ulcerative Colitis Treatment-Mayo Clinic - YouTube 的推薦與評價
Dr. Edward Loftus discusses different medications used to treat ulcerative colitis. Also discusses surgery for patients with ulcerative ... ... <看更多>