➥由於新冠肺炎病毒是透過血管收縮素轉化酶2 [(Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)]進入細胞,因此,使用腎素-血管收縮素-醛固酮系統抑制劑[inhibitors of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)]患者有可能提高感染新冠肺炎後住院的風險。
Abajo博士和其研究團隊針對西班牙馬德里市的1139位新冠肺炎病患和年齡、性別、地區匹配的11390位對照組進行觀察性研究;研究結果指出與使用其他降血壓藥物者相比,不論是使用血管張力素轉化酶抑制劑(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors),或是血管張力素受體阻滯劑(angiotensin receptor blockers),在住院率或疾病嚴重程度上均無統計上顯著差異。
但於感染新冠肺炎的糖尿病患中,使用腎素-血管收縮素-醛固酮系統抑制劑者與使用其他降血壓藥物者相比,有降低因感染新冠肺炎而住院的風險,並具統計上顯著差異;因此,研究結果不建議患者停止使用腎素-血管收縮素-醛固酮系統抑制劑來預防因感染新冠肺炎後可能變成重症病患的風險。(「財團法人國家衛生研究院」蔡慧如博士 摘要整理 ➥http://forum.nhri.org.tw/covid19/virus/j_translate/j1116/ )
📋 Use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of COVID-19 requiring admission to hospital: a case-population study (2020/05/14)+中文摘要轉譯
■ Author:
Prof Francisco J de Abajo, Sara Rodríguez-Martín, Victoria Lerma, et al.
■ Link:
(The Lancet) https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31030-8/fulltext#%20
🔔豐富的學術文獻資料都在【論壇COVID-19學術專區】
■ http://forum.nhri.org.tw/covid19/
#2019COVID19Academic
衛生福利部
疾病管制署 - 1922防疫達人
疾病管制署
國家衛生研究院-論壇
requiring中文 在 吉娜英文 Facebook 的最讚貼文
大家晚安!
我的新頻道上傳影片,輕鬆學習單字和例句
影片下面有中文翻譯,歡迎加入我的新頻道。謝謝。
你需要去急診室嗎?緊急情況,有人受傷;出車禍,需要醫療協助等等,英文怎麼說呢?這些用語都在緊急情況emergency這個單字影片的例句裡。這是一個非常重要的單字,如果人在國外,有什麼緊急的事情,就可以用emergency,一定要學會這個單字!
http://yt1.piee.pw/LXF7T
requiring中文 在 眼科陳慶隆醫師-視網膜的大小事 Facebook 的最佳貼文
術後可調整度數及散光的人工水晶體 RxSight,正式被美國FDA通過,如果未來能在台灣上市,將是眼科醫師與患者的一大福音!
美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)昨(22)日批准了RxSight的光調節水晶體(light adjustable lens)和光傳遞設備(light delivery device, LDD),這是第一個可以在白內障手術後,對人工水晶體(intraocular lens, IOL)進行小幅度調整的醫療器械系統,幫助患者不戴眼鏡也能擁有良好視力。
白內障通常是由於年紀增長,水晶體變硬或混濁,影響患者視力。也有些是由於外傷性、併發性(如青光眼)、代謝性(如糖尿病)等引起的白內障。
解決療法之一便是進行人工水晶體置換手術,然而許多患者會有些微屈光不正,需要使用眼鏡或隱形眼鏡矯正。
為了替患者解決人工水晶體不當聚焦的問題,RxSight 建構獨特材料IOL,在手術後17至21天,對LDD發出的紫外線進行反應。根據所需調整量,患者在1到2周內接受3或4次光照治療,每次約40-150秒。
白內障手術開始到光療結束,患者必須配戴特殊眼鏡防護紫外線,保護新水晶體免受紫外線照射影響。
FDA批准是基於針對此產品所做的試驗成果,該研究隨機性地在17個研究地點挑選600名患有散光的患者,比較了光調節水晶體與現有的單焦點水晶體。
使用光調節水晶體的患者接受輕度LDD治療,術後6個月的裸眼視力(uncorrected visual acuity, UCVA)達到20/20或更高,是接受單焦點水晶體患者的兩倍。與使用傳統IOL相比,患者平均遠距離裸眼視力在視力表上可多看清楚一行。
75%的患者散光也有所減少,91.8%使用光調節水晶體的患者也達到目標驗光球鏡度數(manifest refraction spherical equivalent)0.5D以內的結果,這與近期LASIK研究中所見屈光準確性相似。
FDA醫療器械暨輻射健康中心(Center for Devices and Radiological Health)眼科和耳鼻喉科部門主任Malvina Eydelman表示,到今天為止,白內障手術常見的屈光不正問題,都還得透過眼鏡矯正。不過這個系統為部分患者提供了一個新的選擇,使醫生在初次手術後,可進行多次,可在辦公室內操作的步驟,對植入的水晶體做些調整,提高不戴眼鏡的視力。
RxSight執行長Eric Weinberg指出,我們很高興全球首個手術後可調式IOL成功到達另一個里程碑,這對期待屈光人工水晶體技術再度突破的患者、外科醫生和驗光師來說,是一個相當令人振奮的機會。我們很感謝所有參與這項工作的人員,包括協助研究的臨床工作人員,以及準備審查監管報告的雙方(RxSight和FDA)工作人員。
感謝 David 提供中文翻譯。
資料來源:
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm586405.htm
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved the RxSight Inc. Light Adjustable Lens and Light Delivery Device, the first medical device system that can make small adjustments to the artificial lens’ power after cataract surgery so that the patient will have better vision when not using glasses.
Cataracts are a common eye condition where the natural lens becomes clouded, impairing a patient’s vision. Following cataract surgery, during which the natural lens of the eye that has become cloudy is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (intraocular lens, or IOL), many patients have some minor residual refractive error requiring use of glasses or contact lenses. Refractive error, which is caused when the artificial lens does not focus properly, causes blurred vision.
“Until now, refractive errors that are common following cataract surgery could only be corrected with glasses, contact lenses or refractive surgery,” said Malvina Eydelman, M.D., director of the Division of Ophthalmic, and Ear, Nose and Throat at the FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health. “This system provides a new option for certain patients that allows the physician to make small adjustments to the implanted lens during several in-office procedures after the initial surgery to improve visual acuity without glasses.”
The RxSight IOL is made of a unique material that reacts to UV light, which is delivered by the Light Delivery Device, 17-21 days after surgery. Patients receive three or four light treatments over a period of 1-2 weeks, each lasting about 40-150 seconds, depending upon the amount of adjustment needed. The patient must wear special eyeglasses for UV protection from the time of the cataract surgery to the end of the light treatments to protect the new lens from UV light in the environment.
A clinical study of 600 patients was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the RxSight Light Adjustable Lens and Light Delivery Device. Six months after the procedure, patients on average saw an improvement of about one additional line down the vision chart, for distance vision without glasses, compared to a conventional IOL. Six months after surgery, 75 percent also had a reduction in astigmatism.
The device is intended for patients who have astigmatism (in the cornea) before surgery and who do not have macular diseases.
The device should not be used in patients taking systemic medication that may increase sensitivity to UV light such as tetracycline, doxycycline, psoralens, amiodarone, phenothiazines, chloroquine, hydrochlorothiazide, hypercin, ketoprofen, piroxicam, lomefloxacin and methoxsalen. Treatment in patients taking such medications may lead to irreversible eye damage. The device is also contraindicated in cases where patients have a history of ocular herpes simplex virus.
The FDA approved the Vision Light Adjustable Lens and the Light Delivery Device to RxSight Inc.
The FDA, an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, protects the public health by assuring the safety, effectiveness, security of human and veterinary drugs, vaccines and other biological products for human use, and medical devices. The agency is also responsible for the safety and security of our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, dietary supplements, products that give off electronic radiation, and for regulating tobacco products.
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