關於 stay full代餐 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

近來我發現，在那些針對「熱衷探索自然」的戶外活動愛好者和發布秘境貼文者所日益增長批評裡，最常見的莫過於：

「遊客會製造垃圾！」
「這些地方很多人去的話，接下來就等著看到滿地垃圾吧！」
「這些『熱愛大自然』的人們就是最大的問題！」
「我們不能開放戶外景點給一般大眾，因為他們都不負責任，而且會破壞環境！」

但，真的是這樣嗎？這些遊客是將大量塑膠垃圾傾倒在山林河川當中的主力嗎？讓我們來深入檢視一下這個議題：「為什麼有些廢棄物的最後下場，不是在掩埋場、焚化爐、回收廠、或是相對應的公共衛生處理單位呢？」

不幸的是，一些不成熟的遊客走進了大自然，把垃圾丟在那裡。如果您拜訪任何受歡迎的瀑布或溫泉，可能還會在那裡看到一些垃圾。

遊客傾向於做出兩個錯誤的假設:
<露營垃圾全是可燃的>
這是錯誤的。就像您在家一樣，應將垃圾分類為廢物和可回收物，並隨身攜帶離開。您的垃圾都不應進入營火中。

<食物會迅速分解在自然裡>
雖然沒錯，但蔬菜和加工食品分解可能需要幾個月的時間，橘子皮，蛋殼，骨頭可能需要數年。如果您將麵條或白菜扔進河裡，它們就不會被魚吃掉。它會在那兒呆數周和數月，聞起來酸味並腐爛。即使魚類和動物確實吞噬了您的垃圾，但餵養野生生物也不是您的工作。有生命力的食物種子最終會成為入侵物種，奇怪的食物會使動物生病或死亡。所有多餘的食物都應隨身帶離開。沒有例外。

更糟糕的是隨處可見的煙蒂頭。為什麼吸煙者不認為這些有毒的塑料和化學物質是垃圾？這是無法接受的。

儘管這真令人氣憤，但它並不是山上垃圾的最大來源。嚴重的系統問題是與垃圾收集和處理需求有關

這支影片當中，展示了位於高雄六龜葫蘆谷瀑布的一些垃圾堆。這裡的地勢陡峭，任何被丟進森林裡的垃圾都會沿著斜坡滾下。每當雨水來臨之際之際，重量較輕的塑膠製品就會被沖刷到河流，一路漂流至下游，也就是大家會去玩耍的瀑布那兒；最終，它們進入海洋，並被海浪打上遙遠的某處沙灘。

不過，這隻影片清楚地展示了何謂「誤解」：第一眼看過去，覺得只是幾個保麗龍手搖杯和一些大家會為了踏青而帶出門的東西。但當我們再次細看，裡面居然出現水桶、巨型農用塑膠布（通常寬幅至少為一公尺，幅寬則可長達數十公尺）、農藥空罐、傢俱、和一般家庭垃圾：那些「沒有」任何一個去健行的人會帶著走的物品。這些廢棄物源自山裡，最有可能的來源也就是那些住在山裡的人們。那些垃圾，並非外來者所帶去的。

這並不罕見，也非單一事件。只要在任何山路旁停下，低頭向山壁下望去，就能看見成堆的垃圾袋。那些都是在家裡打包綁好的家庭垃圾，然後在行進中的車上往車窗外扔。家庭垃圾，是來自家庭，並非來自露營者；只要能檢視這些垃圾裡所含有的文件或郵件，便能揭曉它的來源。

即使這些會任意丟棄垃圾的人們只佔了山間居民的極小部分，他們還是有著極大的影響力。而在山區違法傾倒垃圾有過之而無不及的破壞力。無論是什麼原因，有部分居住在山上的住戶，偏好將家庭垃圾棄置於河川勝於妥當的處理。這裡所討論的並非這裡一個、那裡一個的零星垃圾。一個住在台灣的四口家庭，年平均垃圾製造量大約1600公斤。這樣的垃圾量，實屬相當巨大。

而正是因為一個家庭所能產生的垃圾量如此龐大，我們實在很難切確了解這樣的（隨意扔丟家庭垃圾）行為究竟擴及到什麼樣的程度。我在路旁的樹叢裡看過不下數百件垃圾⋯⋯或許數千件了也不一定。但這是因為數十或數百個家庭這麼做，我並無法斷言。唯一能確定的是，塑膠垃圾將「傳承」好幾世代。

如果今天去到偏鄉，將垃圾丟進垃圾桶裡，那些垃圾下場的可能性之一是，人們請來收垃圾的那些車隊將垃圾從民宿或餐廳接走，沒有依照環保署的規定處理，不但沒有把垃圾載到目的地，他們會找個在附近不為人知的地點就隨便把垃圾給倒了。山林裡滿滿都是這樣的情況。我們在河裏所見的一部分垃圾，就是從這些非法掩埋場所洗刷出來的結果。
除了上述提到的部分之外，卻還有其他來源也正在為這樣的情況有所「貢獻」：在許多地方，整卡車的垃圾就是直接傾倒於山路邊，直落山腳的河中。這裡所指的，並非單純的家庭垃圾或傢俱，而是包含來自建築、農業、和工業等的大型廢棄物。諸如此類的物件並非一般民眾所能接觸的到；那麼，之所以會在這裡看到這類型的垃圾只有一個原因：無論是本身製造這些垃圾的單位，或著是他們委託的民間清潔業者，最終選擇不按常規處理廢棄物，選擇違法私了，隨意傾倒。政府的相關單位真的應該要發展一套策略，來確認這些垃圾最終有好好抵達該去的地方。

每年颱風來臨，就會把這些成千上噸的垃圾帶到海洋。但那些垃圾堆卻不會因此減少：因為卡車會帶著新一批的垃圾來再度傾倒。

在對這一切麻痺之前，我那時還會拍攝影片來講述這樣的情況；但現在，我只會假裝眼不見為淨。

話說回來，我倒是能夠理解為何有些偏鄉的家庭垃圾並無法抵達該去的目的地。我本身就是來自於美國的偏鄉地區。在我的成長過程當中，並沒有「公共收垃圾」的這項服務。我們將廚餘做成堆肥，埋在遠離主建築的庭院一角，用落葉堆在上方，放置兩年後再挖來替花園施肥。垃圾和回收物會分在不同的袋子裡。每週一次，我父親會將這些袋子用車子載去離家約二十分鐘車程的郡屬廢棄物集散地和回收中心。的確，整個過程費力費時，但做好回收和妥當處理廢棄物對我爸爸來說非常重要，而我們當時也有這過程裡所需的一切資源來達成這項任務。

但並非我們的街坊鄰居都這麼做。有些家庭沒有時間好好處理垃圾，所以就把成堆的垃圾、生活用具、壞掉的車子和玩具等等，隨意散落在他們的住家四周。這也是相當常見的街景一隅。

在很多方面來說，偏鄉跟都市的生活條件比較起來，的確是不方便許多。以現實層面而言，實際的生活、家庭、經濟狀況，樣樣都會佔去不少時間。並不是所有家庭都能每每在需要之際，花上一個小時來丟好垃圾。但也有人是「能做，但我就是不想做」。沒有垃圾車的時候，他們便會選擇最為便捷的方式。政府真的應該針對山間社區提供更多的收垃圾選項。

我在這裡所訴說一切其實大家都了然於心，卻鮮少被提起。大部分在山林間那些路旁和河邊的垃圾並非來自登山客或是瀑布遊客。那些垃圾來自於那些從未抵達掩埋場的一般人類消耗結果。住在山間那些人們也不願見到如此景象。但這就是現實狀況。

這也是為什麼當我看到像是「殺風景！苦花潭遍地遊客垃圾 部落擬封閉」這樣的標題時，總會不由自主地翻個大白眼。沒錯，遊客不應該留下任何垃圾，但在不到百米之外，就有個在森林深處的家庭垃圾集散地。幾乎到哪兒都有垃圾。

如果大家有興趣前往探勘現場狀況的話，以下提供三個例子：
(大型): 24.035258, 121.170819
(大型): 24.6080971,121.2830025
(小型): 22.705481, 120.669413

面對這樣的狀況，針對個人的罰鍰並沒有太大幫助。大家平時在生活裏已經有夠多的煩惱了，否則也不會這樣處理事情。就是把收垃圾這件事情弄得再簡單一些就能幫上很大的忙了。山區的垃圾廢棄必須得簡單又方便，如同城市裡所提供的一樣。

最後還是要呼籲大家，因為疫情影響，人民改為國內旅遊，這是一件好事，多了親山近水的機會，也增加露營野餐烤肉樂趣，讓朋友家人感情更融洽!但是大家在拜訪大自然的同時，更需要以身作則，帶來多少食物垃圾，也請一件不留帶走。野生動物不需要被人類餵食，牠們喜歡自己自食其力，所以不用擔心動物會餓，而故意留下吃剩食物殘渣。揮揮衣袖，請帶走全部垃圾，包含烤肉架，野生動物不需要自己烤肉啦~

還有，大家不要再報復性集中旅遊啦~明明台灣美景青山綠水多到數不清，要記得分散人流，防疫新生活還是要落實，真的不知道去哪裡玩嗎?歡迎大家逛逛我的部落格，我製作了全台300多個景點地圖，可以選偏僻冷門的景點去唷~

One of the most common criticisms I see raised against nature goers and people who post 秘境 online is that visitors bring a lot of trash with them. If these areas have a lot of visitors, the result will be that there is a lot of trash. Nature-lovers are the problem. We can’t open up the wilderness to the general public, because they are irresponsible, and will trash the place. But is that really true? Are tourists the main driver of plastic waste in rivers and mountains? Let’s examine this issue a bit further and try to determine why some waste ends up in the rivers instead of landfills and public waste processing centers.

Unfortunately, some of immature tourists go into nature and leave their trash there. If you visit any popular waterfall or hot spring, chances are you will see some trash there too.

Tourists tend to make two false assumptions. One is that camping trash is burnable. It’s not. Your trash should be separated into waste and recyclables, just like you do at home, and taken out with you. None of your trash should go in the campfire.

The other is that food degrades quickly. It doesn’t. Vegetables and processed foods can months, orange peels, egg shells, bones can take years. If you toss noodles or cabbage into the river, it won’t be eaten by fish. It will stay there for weeks and months and rot and smell. Even if fish and animals did eat your garbage, it’s not your job to feed the wildlife. Viable food seeds end up as invasive species and strange foods make animals sick or die. All excess food should be taken out with you. No exceptions.

Even worse are cigarette butts. Why do smokers not think these toxic bits of plastic and chemicals are trash? This is unacceptable.

As infuriating as this is though, it’s not the biggest source of mountain garbage. There are serious systemic problems relating to garbage collection and disposal that need to be addressed.

This video shows a large trash pile at Hulugu Waterfall in Kaohsiung City, Liugui District. The terrain here is very steep. Any trash thrown into the forest will roll down the hill. When it rains, the lighter plastic products will be washed into the river and flow downstream, into the waterfalls you play at, and eventually to the ocean, and eventually onto a remote beach somewhere.

However, a closer look at the piles shows that this can be misleading: at first glance, it looks like a few styrofoam tea cups and items that people might bring on an outing with them. But as we look closer at the waste, we can see there are buckets, plastic farm sheeting, pesticide bottles, furniture, and general household waste. Items that no hiker would ever bring with them. This waste originated in the mountains, by people who live in the mountains. It was not brought by outsiders.

Neither is this a rare or isolated incident. If you stop at literally any section of mountain road and look over the edge you will see entire trash bags down below you. These are household trash bags that were packed and tied shut at home, then thrown out of the window of moving vehicles. It’s household trash, from houses, not campers, and critical examination of this waste would reveal the source through mail and other documents inside.

Even if it’s only a small percentage of the mountain population, they still have a big impact. Illegal trash dumps in the mountains have an even bigger impact. For whatever reason it is, some mountain dwellers prefer to throw their household waste into the river than dispose of it properly. This is not a stray bag here and there. The average 4 person household generates 1600KG of trash per year in Taiwan. That’s a lot of trash.

Because a single family can generate so much garbage, it’s difficult to tell how widespread this practice is. I’ve seen hundreds of trash bags in the forest by the side of the road. Possibly thousands. But if this is by dozens of families or hundreds of families I can’t say. Plastic lasts for generations.

If you visit rural communities and dispose of your trash in their trash can, there is a possibility that the private trucks they hired to pick up those waste from the restaurant or minsu aren’t taking it to an EPA landfill. Instead of delivering the trash to the final destination, they find an isolated spot nearby and just dump the garbage there. It may end up in one of these dumping sites instead. The mountains are full of them. Some of what you will see in a river is washed down from these illegal landfills.

In many places, entire truckloads of trash are dumped over the side of the roads and into the river below. This isn’t just household waste and furniture, but also construction, farming, and industrial waste too. This type of waste is not something that tourists bring into the mountains. Whoever was in charge of disposing of this waste properly decided to dump it into the forest instead. The government needs to develop a method of confirming that mountain waste reaches its intended destination.

Every year typhoons carry tons of this trash away to the ocean, but the trash piles never go away, because new trucks arrive to refill them.

I used to make videos about them before I became desensitized, but now I just pretend I didn’t see them.

I do understand why some rural household waste doesn’t make it to the correct locations though. I’m from a rural area myself. I didn’t have a trash service where I grew up. We composted food waste. It was dumped into piles far away from the house. We covered them with leaves and let them sit for two years before using it for soil in the garden. Trash and recyclables were separated into different bags. Once a week my dad drove these bags 20 minutes into town to the county dump and recycling center. It was a lot of effort, but recycling and proper waste disposal were very important to my dad, and we also had the resources to do it.

Not everyone on my street did though. Some families did not have the time and resources for proper waste disposal, and so they had piles of trash, appliances, broken down cars, broken toys, etc around their property. It was a very common sight.

In many ways, country living isn’t as easy and convenient as living in the city. Sometimes real life, family, and financial problems take up all your time. Not all families can spend an hour each time they want to take out the trash. Some people can, but just don’t want to. When trash trucks are not available, they will take the most convenient option. The government needs to increase trash pickup options for mountain communities.

What I’ve written here is well known, but not often talked about. Most of the roadside and riverside trash in the mountains isn’t from hikers and waterfall goers. It’s from normal human consumption that never makes it to a landfill. People who live in the mountains don’t like it either. But that’s what it’s like.

That’s why when I see headlines like (殺風景！苦花潭遍地遊客垃圾 部落擬封閉), I can’t help but roll my eyes. Tourists shouldn’t be leaving trash there, but there is also a household forest trash dump less than 100 meters away. There’s trash almost everywhere.

Here are a few examples if you wanna go check em out yourself:
(big): 24.035258, 121.170819
(big): 24.6080971,121.2830025
(small): 22.705481, 120.669413

Fines to individuals won’t help. People have enough problems, otherwise they wouldn’t act this way. Just make it easier to take the trash away. Trash disposal needs to be easy and convenient for mountain communities, just like it is for urban communities.

Finally, I still want to appeal to everyone. Because of the impact of the epidemic, the people have changed to domestic tourism. This is a good thing. There are more opportunities to get close to the mountains and rivers. It also increases the fun of camping and picnic barbecues, so that friends and family can feel more harmonious! But everyone is visiting nature At the same time, it is more necessary to set an example, and please don’t leave any food waste with you. Wild animals do not need to be fed by humans. They like to support themselves, so there is no need to worry that the animals will be hungry and intentionally leave leftover food residue. Flick your sleeves, please take away all the garbage, including the barbecue grill, wild animals don’t need to barbecue by themselves~

It’s clear that Taiwan’s beautiful scenery, green mountains and green waters are countless, remember to disperse the flow of people, and the new life of epidemic prevention still needs to be implemented. Do you really know where to go? Welcome everyone to visit me In my blog, I have made maps of more than 300 scenic spots in Taiwan. You can choose remote and unpopular scenic spots to go to

行动管制令第……

孩子已经20多天足不出户。
他们每天早睡早醒，吃，喝，玩，乐，坏蛋一下，在屋子里从大门窜到后院，一楼二楼跑上跑下….除了偶尔抢东西哭闹，其余时候尽都是欢乐声。
孩子的世界没有昨天或明天，只有当下。
他们觉得很幸福，因为几乎每一天的24小时，爸妈都在他们身边，这对现代的孩子而言，是多么奢侈的事。

而我呢？
这突如其来的瘟疫让人不自觉焦虑起来，但也因为行动管制令待在家闭关，减低杂念，心里渐渐平静下来。
焦虑时心里时时祈福，平静后也时时祈福，这两者间的心念一样，但心境不一样。

我把家里一大一小冰箱都囤积满满的食物，孩子学校的家长很热心，帮群组里的妈妈们订购活力农耕蔬菜和水果。
这时候还能吃到高原活力农耕农夫用心种植的蔬菜，心里感动万分。
每一次收到蔬菜箱，一打开，感觉好像能闻得到高山大地的味道，摸着蔬菜，都能感觉泥土的温暖。

好友说她年轻的侄子和太太都在前线工作，两个年轻的生命，还有很多很多的前线人员，不分昼夜，在为全国人民尽他们最大的努力，控制疫情。
他们的每一天都在极大的挑战中渡过，每次想到他们，我就告诉自己“我要尽自己最大的努力乖乖待在家，好好过日子。”

每天，只有当下，没有等一下特别急的事，没有明天要赶着去完成的事，于是…………可以安然的打开冰箱，以非常珍惜存库里食物的心，细细的计划着早餐，午餐，孩子下午点心，晚餐….，在平常的料理中来点不一样的创意（因为食材有限），然后非常享受那个可以全然投入在为自己和家人烹饪的时光。
那个迎着晨光熬黑米粥，吹着午后热风做pizza，或在雷雨咆哮声中炒菜，煎蛋……的时光，都是那么那么的美好。
有人说烹饪时的情绪很重要，那是一种能量，这个能量伴着食物一起被享用者吸收，吸收到他的身，心，灵。
怪不得，我总是觉得外婆和妈妈做的菜特别好吃，因为她们都带着慈悲的心煮每一道菜肴。

在家画画的画室间有一个落地玻璃门，门前不远有一棵大树，一棵喜欢在风中起舞，在雨中飘来淡淡翠绿味，在夜里细语的大树。
当我在画布上无尽地延续生命的线条时，它在那儿陪伴着我，静静地微笑。
每一幅画里都是我和自己展开的对话…..。

每隔几天，就和家乡的爸妈，弟弟弟媳们视讯，搞笑逗乐他们一下。
每天都传自己煮的好料照片给妈妈看，然后炫耀说自己煮得比她好，青出于蓝（我特爱跟我妈开玩笑）。

每天总有些时候，静静坐着，闭上眼，听听大地的声音。
平时的车辆声减少了，于是鸟叫和虫鸣变得更清澈。

在这安下心过好当下的日子里，我还能做些什么呢？
小黄花慈善教育基金会的两个中心因为行动管制令，也同时关闭了。
我们都担心本来已经是低收入户的家庭，在这段时间可能还要面临零收入的困境，于是小黄花的员工待在家里开始致电每个家庭慰问他们的情况，然后为这些家庭订购足够一家大小的食物，确保他们至少可以温饱。
孩子学校的老师因某个亲戚是前线医护人员，而得知医院缺乏医疗防护用品，于是孩子学校善良的家长们决定募款购买防护用品捐赠医院。
最后在和老师详细沟通之后，我决定由小黄花发起这项募款项目，让更多人知道这件事，让更多都想为疫情付出的人民一起集合力量来帮助前线人员。
学校的家长们有的帮忙张罗订购防护用品，还有一些一起动手做起手工艺品义卖筹款….而募款反应非常热烈，家人，亲戚，邻居，朋友甚至国外朋友，各界人士都出力支持。
前几天新闻报道有一个家庭，爸妈和小孩在空无一人的公园里呆坐在石椅上，警方上前询问才发现，这一家人家里连米都没有，已经好几天没吃东西了。
警察人员自掏腰包给他们买食物。
我看到这则新闻，眼泪真的快掉出来。
于是我们（小黄花）马上透过两个贫民区域中心孩子的家长致电询问其他需要帮助的家庭，食物提供从33个家庭一下子增加到151个家庭。

我们不知道未来将会放生什么样的事，我们只能好好的珍惜活着的每一刻，好好爱自己，爱身边的人，爱这个大家一起共存的地球村。
有时候有些事情的发生是要我们安静下来聆听某一些生命的声音。
这段时间我又看到了好一段时间没看见的蜻蜓飞进家里，孩子兴奋的追着它边跑边跳。
平时只在树上停歇的鸟儿，飞到院子的草上散步，松鼠在汽车稀少的马路上大摇大摆。

我们继续祈福疫情尽早结束，继续勇敢抗疫，继续互相扶持，继续在这段安静下来的时间沉淀。

让我们用爱来化解这一场战役。

The …. days of MCO

The kids have not gone out for about 20 days.
Everyday they are sleeping and waking up early. Their daily activities are all about eating, drinking, playing mischievously, looming around from the entrance till the backyard, running across the floors in the house. Most of the times they are filled with joys and laughter, except occasionally crying of fighting for toys.

In the innocent children world, there is no yesterday or today, but at the moment. They are embraced by happiness because their parents are with them almost 24 hours in a day. This is literally a luxurious for the modern era children.

What about myself?
This sudden pandemic makes people feeling unconsciously anxiety. Despite of that, my heart gradually calmed down and distractions are reduced because of retreating myself at home during the Movement Control Order. Pray humbly when panic of anxiety attacks or even tranquillity. The two state of minds are the same, but the mood is distinct.

I have stocked up the fridges with load of foods, the parents of my kid’s school are very thoughtful, they are helping other mothers to purchase the organic farmed vegetables and fruits. Having to eat the organic vegetables and fruits farmed by the farmers at this very difficult time, it had deeply touched my heart.
Every time when I receive the vegetables box, it reminisces me the good nature of the high mountain and the warmth of soil.

A good friend of mine told me her nephew and wife are working at the frontline, joining along with many other frontliners, working very hard day and night for the nation to strive the Corona virus.
They are living their day in a hard challenge, whenever I think of them, I will tell myself to stay at home and live my live to the best.

We have plenty of time in day as we away from a busy pace of life. Thus, I may unhurried to open up the fridge, with the heart full of appreciation towards the foods to plan the breakfast, lunch, teatime and dinner menu for the kids. Creativity is what I need to spice up the meals (due to the shortage of ingredients) and fully enjoying the preparation time of foods for myself and family.

Cooking the black rice porridge at the welcoming morning light, baking pizza with the afternoon breeze or frying egg or vegetables during the thunderstorm seems to be like the very best moments in life.

Someone said that emotion is important during cooking because that good energy will be going along with the foods, while the people enjoying the foods can absorb all these good energies to nurture the body, mind and soul.

I always feel that the foods prepared by my grandmother and mother is exceptionally delicious and the reason is that they are preparing the foods with compassion.

I can see a big tree outside through the ceiling glass from my painting studio. It likes to dance in the wind, pouring with good scent of greenery during the rain, and talking softly at night.
When I continue to create the lines on the painting canvas, the tree is there to accompanying and returning smiles to me.
Each painting is the conversation and monologue between me myself and I.

Every few days, I will be video calling my parents, my brothers & my sisters in-law, making fun and bring laughter to them.
I send my food photos to my mother everyday and telling her I am the better cook (of course I am only joking to my mom).

There are some hours in a day, I will be sitting peacefully, closing my eyes to listen to the voices of the surroundings.
The cars are getting lesser these days, so the bird and worms chirpings are more audible.

In such a peaceful days, what else more I can do?
The two branches of Little Yellow Flower Foundation had temporarily ceased operation due to MCO.
We are worrying particularly for the low-income family because they will not able to generate income during the MCO. Staffs from the Foundation started to caretaking and prepared foods to make sure that they are able to cope with the difficult time.
The teacher in the kid’s school get to know that hospital is running out of medical supplies. Hence, the kind parents started fund raising to donate medical supplies to the hospital.
After discussed with the teacher, I decided to raise fund and to create public awareness through the Little Yellow Flower Foundation.
The parents in the school providing their kindness by sourcing medical supply, and some even made handcraft to seek donations. The fund raising had received tremendous responds from the community including those who are living abroad. Everybody show their best support on the fund raising.
There was a news saying that a family of 3 were sitting at the bench in the park. They have been starving for 3 days and a kind police bought them foods.
When I get to know this news, my tears almost burst out.
Thus, our Foundation took immediate effort to reach out more unprivileged families the food supplies and helps, this had extended from the initial 33 families and now a total of 151 families are covered with the helps from the Foundation.

We are unable to predict the future, but we may cherish and live every moments of our life. Love yourself, loving people that around you and also love the mother earth.
Sometimes we need to unwind and quiet down ourselves and to listen to voice of the nature.
During the time, I have seen dragonfly flying around the house after so long, the kids were chasing it up and down happily. The birds that normally resting on the tree are roaming at grass of the yard, the squirrels swaying freely on the road with lesser cars.

Let’s pray for the pandemic to end as soonest, continue to bravely fight the Corona virus by supporting each other as well as taking the chance of this quiet time to collect your thoughts.

Let us resolve this battle with love.

#馬來西亞行動管制令
#我的小日子
#乖乖待在家
#malaysiamco
#mylittlejourney
#pleasestayathome

[教育時評] Distance Learning 遠程教學

I personally feel that universities will fully embrace distance learning and relevant technologies will be rapidly developed as a result.

個人認為，大學院校將會全面擁抱遠程教學，而相關科技也將因此迅速發展。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

US Universities Move Classes Online

The day after colleges across the country suspended classes over fears of the coronavirus, Abigail Lockhart-Calpito, a freshman from San Antonio, ran across the Harvard campus trying to get answers. Her lectures were being replaced by online classes. Her residence hall was being cleared out. She, like thousands of others in her shoes, had a million questions: What was going to happen to her financial aid? Where would she stay? What about her credits?

1. over fears of 擔心、擔憂
2. financial aid 助學金
3. school credit 學分

全國大學院校因新冠病毒擔憂停課的第二天，來自聖安東尼奧的大一學生阿比蓋爾·洛哈特-卡皮托(Abigail Lockhart-Calpito)在哈佛校園裡四處奔走尋找答案。她的課換成了在線教學。她的宿舍要騰空。現在，她和其他幾萬名面臨同樣處境的學生一樣，腦中有無數疑問：助學金怎麼辦？搬到哪裡去？學分呢？

★★★★★★★★★★★★

The abrupt disruption of the semester caused widespread concern and a feeling of chaos on campuses across the country. Administrators saw spring break as a chance to reset the clock in the battle against the coronavirus. One after the other, like dominoes, they announced they were suspending classes and asking students to pack up and go.

4. abrupt disruption 突然中斷
5. cause widespread concern 引發擔憂的蔓延
6. a feeling of chaos 混亂的感覺
7. across the country 在全國範圍內
8. reset the clock 歸零，重置
9. the battle against…對抗…的戰役
10. dominoes 多米諾骨牌
11. pack up 打包

在全國範圍內，學期被突然打斷，擔憂和一種陷入混亂的感覺在校園裡蔓延。管理者認為，春假是開始抗擊新冠病毒疫情的好時機，於是，如多米諾骨牌一般，他們一個接一個地宣布停課，並讓學生打包離開。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

On Wednesday, the closures continued. Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo of New York declared that the state and city university systems would move to distance learning, as did the University of Pennsylvania, several California State campuses, the Claremont Colleges, Iowa State, Georgetown, Pepperdine, Villanova, Notre Dame, Michigan State and Washington University in St. Louis, among others.

12. closure of 關閉
13. move to 移至
14. distance learning* 遠程教學
15. online learning 線上學習

星期三，更多學校關閉。紐約州州長安德魯·M·科莫(Andrew M. Cuomo)宣布，所有州屬、市屬大學都改為遠程教學。採取同樣措施的，還有賓夕法尼亞大學、加利福尼亞州立大學的幾所分校、克萊蒙特學院、愛荷華州立大學、喬治城大學、佩珀代因大學、維拉諾瓦大學、聖母大學、密西根州立大學和聖路易斯華盛頓大學等等。

*In a nutshell, the key difference between online learning and distance learning is geography. Students can be together with an instructor and use online learning, but distance learning implies that students and instructor are separated.

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Infectious disease specialists said that dormitories, with their communal bathrooms as well as dining halls with open buffets, are like cruise ships, with students squeezed together and facing increased risk of infection. Emptying them out, if only partially, is necessary, they said.

16. infectious disease 傳染病
17. dormitory 學生宿舍
18. communal bathrooms 公共浴室
19. open buffet 開放式自助餐
20. face increased risk of infection 面臨感染風險增加

傳染病專家說，學生宿舍裡有公共浴室和提供自助餐的食堂，學生被圈擠在一起，與郵輪一樣面臨高感染風險。他們說，把宿舍清空，即使只是一部分，也是必要的。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Even those on the way to college in the fall felt the impact on Wednesday, as the SAT exam scheduled for Saturday was canceled in 18 countries and at more than 120 U.S. schools. In many cases, no alternative locations or makeup dates were offered.

21. on the way to 正要
22. feel the impact 感受到影響
23. be scheduled for 被排定於
24. in many cases 很多的例子
25. no alternative 沒有替代方案

即便那些秋季才入學的學生，也在週三感受到了影響。週三，18個國家和超過120所學校取消了原定在週六舉行的SAT測試。很多地方沒有公布替補考點或改期時間。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Ms. Lockhart-Calpito, 19, is on full financial aid, which includes tuition, room and board. Her parents are self-employed, and she had scraped together airfare home for spring break by working two part-time jobs, as a tutor and as an usher and ticket seller. She is going to stay with a family friend instead of her parents, but she worries about wearing out her welcome.

26. full financial aid 全額助學金
27. tuition 學費
28. room and board 住宿費與餐費
29. usher (n.) 帶位員
30. wear out 消磨

19歲的洛哈特-卡皮托領著全額助學金，包括學費、住宿費和餐費。她父母是個體經營者，她自己勉強湊夠了春假回家的機票，為此她要打兩份零工，一份是家教，一份是領位兼售票員。她打算住在父母的一個朋友家中，而不是住父母那裡，但是她擔心，那家人可能會不太歡迎她。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

“Harvard expects us to go home,” she said on Wednesday. “But home for a lot of us is this campus.” As she went from office to office, officials told her apologetically that they had found out about the orders to shut down normal life on campus at the same time that she had, and so had few answers. Private charities and individuals were responding with offers to provide temporary lodging and financial help, she said.

31. expect someone to 期望某人做某事
32. tell someone apologetically 懷著歉意告知某人
33. find out 發現
34. provide temporary lodging 提供臨時住所

「哈佛希望我們回家，」她在週三說，「但是對我們很多人來說，學校就是家。」她跑了許多辦公室詢問，官員們很抱歉地告訴她，他們是與學生同時收到指令，得知校園的正常生活要被關停的，所以無法回答她的問題。她說有私人慈善機構和個人對此做出回應，向學生提供臨時住處和資金幫助。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Harvard officials said they were swamped with requests for financial and logistical help and could not take time to talk in detail about the situation. They noted that Gov. Charlie Baker of Massachusetts had declared a public health emergency on Tuesday, and said that the university had been forced to respond in kind. But they said that any students who were on financial aid and had a “demonstrated need” would be taken care of.

35. be swamped with 被…淹沒
36. logistics 後勤；後勤學
37. declare a public health emergency 宣布公共衛生進入緊急狀態
38. respond in kind 以同樣方法（或手段）回應
39. on financial aid 領助學金的
40. a “demonstrative” need 經證實的需求
41. be taken care of 會被照料

哈佛校方表示，他們現在被資金和後勤方面的協助要求淹沒，沒有時間深入談論具體情況。他們提到，麻薩諸塞州州長查理·貝克(Charlie Baker)在週二宣布了公共衛生緊急狀態，學校也被迫要以類似的舉措進行回應。但他們表示，他們會照顧那些依賴助學金並「經證明有需求」的學生。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

The closures also presented challenges for foreign students enrolled at American universities on F visas. They are permitted to take only one course online per term to remain legally in the country; students on M visas for vocational training are normally not allowed to take any classes online.

42. present challenges 呈現了挑戰
43. F visas F簽證*
44. remain legally in the country 合法居留
45. vocational training 職業培訓

學校關閉也為持F簽證在美國大學學習的外國留學生帶來挑戰。要在這個國家合法居留，他們每個學期只允許選一門網課。而持M簽證接受職業培訓的學生，則通常不能選任何網課。

*F visas: https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/study/student-visa.html

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Immigration and Customs Enforcement on Monday issued guidance, saying that it would be “flexible with temporary adaptations” for international students as universities adjust to the crisis. Carissa Cutrell, an agency spokeswoman, said the goal was to ensure that students were “able to continue to make normal progress in a full course of study as required by federal regulations.”

46. be flexible with... 對…保持彈性
47. temporary adaptations 臨時應變
48. adjust to 為…調整
49. ensure that... 確保...
50. make normal progress 做到維持正常進度
51. federal regulations 聯邦規定

週一，移民和海關執法局頒佈指導意見，說在學校調整應對當前危機時，該部門針對外國學生會有「臨時的應變靈活處理」。執法局發言人卡麗莎·卡瑞爾(Carissa Cutrell)說，目的是要確保學生「能夠保持正常的學習進度，以完成聯邦法規所要求的全部課程」。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Megan Lobo, 18, a freshman at New York University, had her first two online classes on Wednesday, and will soon be moving home to Leonia, N.J. Her two-and-a-half-hour music class, she said, was not conducive to online learning. They used Zoom, the video application. “A lot of the relationships that you form in college are just kind of being around each other,” she said. “Especially for music — meeting people and networking. A lot of people I’ve met in the hallway or in class. Losing those small things can be a setback.”

52. conductive to 對…有利的
53. video application 影片應用程式
54. networking 網路
55. suffer a setback 遭遇挫折

紐約大學18歲的大一學生梅根·洛博(Megan Lobo)在週三上了頭兩節網課，很快將搬回紐澤西利奧尼亞市的家中。她說有一節兩個半小時的音樂課並不適合在線學習。他們用了影片應用Zoom。「在大學裡，很多關係的建立，其實就是大家在一塊兒，」她說，「尤其對於音樂來說——就是要與人見面，建立人際網路。很多人我都是在走廊或課上認識的。沒了這樣的小事是很遺憾的。」

完整報導: https://nyti.ms/3cY9zdw

圖片來源: https://nyti.ms/3d1qPid

★★★★★★★★★★★★

教育時評: http://bit.ly/39ABON9

時事英文大全: http://bit.ly/2WtAqop